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Influence factors of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation Zhao Yang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 289-294.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.016 Abstract （1291）      PDF （1348KB）（890）       Knowledge map    Save Maxillary sinus floor elevation is a common surgical method to solve the problem of insufficient bone mass in the posterior maxillary region. Based on the special background of maxillary sinus bone augmentation, we explore the principles of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation results from the mechanism of osteogenesis, which can be considered from four aspects: bone contact area, angiogenesis, stability of space, and safe healing. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent advances in the factors affecting the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of peri-implantitis Yan Fuhua, Song Shiyuan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 402-409.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.003 Abstract （931）      PDF （1334KB）（1135）       Knowledge map    Save Oral implant therapy is one of the most common methods for restoring defective and missing dentition. Peri-implantitis is a prevalent biological complication of implant therapy, characterized by inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. The occurrence of peri-implantitis can impact the prognosis of implant restorations or even lead to implant failure, significantly affecting the patient's health and quality of life. Therefore, reducing the risk factors of peri-implantitis, timely diagnosis and effective treatments are of great importance to enhance the prognosis of implant therapy. This review describes the factors influencing the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, the current diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic methods. Furthermore, it discusses emerging treatment modalities with potential clinical applications and reviews ongoing research progress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inflammatory modulation and applications of biomaterials in oral bone regeneration Zhang Yufeng, Wang Yulan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 304-309.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.002 Abstract （349）      PDF （1284KB）（298）       Knowledge map    Save Significant progress has been made in the field of oral bone regeneration, with growing recognition of the pivotal role played by inflammation regulation. Temporal and contextual regulation of inflammation is essential for achieving successful bone repair. In the context of oral bone regeneration, biomaterials are employed as scaffolds/bone grafts to promote bone tissue formation in defect areas. The intrinsic properties of biomaterials may impact the inflammatory process and its regulation. Additionally, biomaterials can serve as carriers for immuno-modulatory drugs, further influencing bone regeneration. A comprehensive understanding of how biomaterials modulate inflammatory responses holds the potential to accelerate the development of novel bone regeneration materials. This review provides an overview of the current status of research on biomaterials in the context of oral bone regeneration and inflammation response, summarizing the laboratory advancements. The aim is to provide clinicians and researchers with a theoretical foundation for the selection and development of regenerative materials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on titanium mesh supported guided bone regeneration Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 95-100.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.001 Abstract （326）      PDF （1401KB）（583）       Knowledge map    Save Nowadays, the clinical application of titanium mesh supported guided bone regeneration (TMs-GBR), especially using 3D printing individualized titanium mesh (3D-PITM), is increasing, serving as a reliable solution for bone augmentation in various cases of bone defects, particularly complex ones encountered during implant surgery. Given the technical sensitivity of TMs-GBR and the higher risk of complications such as titanium mesh exposure, as well as the current lack of relevant guidelines or international consensus, the editorial board of the Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology organized discussions among relevant experts and drafted this consensus, aiming to provide clinical reference for practitioners. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Horizontally ridge reconstruction using titanium mesh with tenting screw vs. autologous bone graft: a retrospective study Zhou Lin, Ding Jiamin, Xing Yifeng, Lin Yanjun, Wu Dong Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 340-346.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.008 Abstract （246）      PDF （1651KB）（359）       Knowledge map    Save Objective The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the horizontal bone gain at the different levels of alveolar bone using a titanium screw as a reference plane by titanium mesh with tent screw and autologous bone grafting. Methods Sixteen patients and 23 measured points were enrolled in this study. CBCT data immediately and 6 months after bone grafting were measured at crestal (CW), midway (MW), and basal (BW) levels and reconstructed for area measurement using a titanium screw as the reference plane. The exposure of titanium mesh or not had been evaluated. Results There were no statistical differences between the titanium mesh and onlay grafting, and measured levels at CW, MW, and BW, the exposed titanium mesh and not exposed one. The width absorption ratio of titanium mesh and onlay grafting group or at CW, MW, and BW were almost the same. The area of bone gained and absorption ratio were almost the same without statistical differences. However, the width absorption ratio of the exposed titanium mesh at CW, MW, and BW was significantly higher than the not exposed one. Thin biotype was a main factor in the exposure of titanium mesh. The exposed titanium mesh at the late phase can also achieve clinically accepted bone gain after certain anti-inflammatory treatments. Conclusion Ti-mesh with tenting screw technique and autologous bone graft can achieve clinically acceptable bone augmentation effect. However, the absorption ratio significantly increased if exposed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Treatment decision-making and prognosis assessment of peri-implantitis Xu Shulan, Zhu Yuanxi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 394-401.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.002 Abstract （239）      PDF （1706KB）（657）       Knowledge map    Save Peri-implantitis is a common biological complication of dental implant treatment, and it is one of the significant causes of implant failure as well. The treatment decision-making and prognosis assessment of peri-implantitis present two major problems for implantologists in clinical practice. Evidence-based treatment decision-making and accurate prognosis assessment could help doctors propose appropriate treatment approaches and guide patients to conduct oral self-care and systemic factors control according to their own conditions, aiming for more a streamlined treatment process and better clinical outcomes. This literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the treatment decision-making and prognosis assessment of peri-implantitis, discusses its research progress and clinical recommendations, and puts forth suggestions for further research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cyst or cyst-like lesions Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 195-201.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.001 Abstract （232）      PDF （1090KB）（405）       Knowledge map    Save Sinus floor elevation is a predictable rehabilitation method commonly used to address bone deficiency in the maxillary posterior area. However, the presence of maxillary sinus cysts often presents a challenge for sinus floor elevation. At present, there is still a lack of guidelines or consensus on sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cyst. The purpose of this consensus is to provide clinicians with practical and feasible measures for sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cysts. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status and progress of clinical application of oral occlusion Chen Jiang, He Kaixun Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 3-8.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.002 Abstract （219）      PDF （1322KB）（279）       Knowledge map    Save Oral occlusion involves tooth position, temporomandibular joint movement, and muscle function. Normal oral occlusion is crucial for chewing, pronunciation, facial expressions, and other functions. Malocclusion can cause a series of complications, including pain in the temporomandibular joint and chipping of restorations. Therefore, the importance of oral occlusion in the field of oral medicine has become increasingly prominent. Through in-depth research on oral occlusion, dentists can better diagnose and treat occlusion-related problems and improve treatment effects and patients' quality of life. This article intends to introduce the current status and future directions of oral occlusion research and guide the application and development of implant occlusion. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of bone substitutes in the incisive canal for implant placement Yang Bo, Man Yi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 315-319.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.004 Abstract （190）      PDF （1492KB）（283）       Knowledge map    Save Due to the prevalence of insufficient remaining alveolar bone or excessive expansion of the incisive canal in the maxillary central incisor region, the stability of implants may be affected. Titanium implants into incisor canals may cause a series of complications such as nasopalatine canal cyst, postoperative short-term sensory disturbance, implant failure, and so on. In order to solve this clinical problem, this study explored and practiced the application of bone substitutes in the incisive canal for implant placement. The application of various bone substitutes in the incisive canal for implant placement was reviewed and analyzed in this paper. Combined with a clinical case of bone substitutes used in the incisive canal for implant placement, the clinical effect of bone substitutes in the incisive canal for guided bone regeneration and implant placement was demonstrated. The implant osseointegration was good and the aesthetic outcome was satisfactory. Re-examination after 6 months showed that the soft tissue around the implant was stable and there was no obvious bone resorption. The use of bone substitutes to guide the internal osteogenesis of the incisive canal can provide three-dimensional bone support for the implant, which is helpful in obtaining good implant stability and anterior aesthetic effect. It has been reported in the literature that different materials, such as autogenous bone, allograft bone or mixed bone substitute, or autogenous bone mixed bone substitute, can achieve the internal osteogenesis of the incisive canal. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on maxillary sinus floor elevation: maxillary sinus septum Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 103-108.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.003 Abstract （186）      PDF （1040KB）（387）       Knowledge map    Save The maxillary sinus septum is a common bony structure in the maxillary sinus. It is very important to understand the presence of the maxillary sinus septum when designing the sinus floor elevation. Therefore, this paper summarizes the classification of maxillary sinus septum, its anatomical and biological characteristics, its influence on maxillary sinus osteogenesis, and its treatment methods and principles, in order to provide a reference for the clinical implementation of sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus septum, and to reduce the complications caused by the presence of maxillary sinus septum. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Selection of bone graft materials in vertical bone augmentation surgery Zhang Xiaohan, Lv Mingyue, Zhang Shiwen, Yuan Quan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 320-326.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.005 Abstract （185）      PDF （1322KB）（362）       Knowledge map    Save The success and long-term stability of implant treatment are closely related to an adequate bone volume at the implant site. Vertical bone defects have detrimental effects on the function and aesthetic outcomes of implant treatment. Various regenerative procedures, such as guided bone regeneration, Onlay technique, titanium mesh technique, and Inlay technique, require the use of bone graft materials to achieve the regeneration of bone height. This article provides a comprehensive literature review of the bone graft materials used in different surgical techniques for vertical bone augmentation, including their effects, advantages, and limitations. The aim is to provide decision-making support for clinical practice in oral implant therapy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Root cause analysis of 3 cases of adverse events involving swallowing and aspiration in dental implant procedures Jiao Mingxiu, Bao Xianjing, Chen Haixia Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 347-350.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.009 Abstract （182）      PDF （1400KB）（689）       Knowledge map    Save Objective The retrospective analysis was conducted on three cases of adverse events involving swallowing and aspiration in our hospital by applying the root cause analysis method. Methods The root causes of the events were identified in terms of systematic processes by creating a cause-and-effect diagram. Results The root causes of these incidents were identified in the system process: the lack of standardized preventive measures, insufficient patient evaluation, inadequate preoperative precautionary measures, and treatment positions that could easily result in swallowing and aspiration. Conclusion To address these three root causes, specific improvement measures were implemented: conducting adequate preoperative patient evaluations, enhancing preoperative precautionary measures, adjusting patient treatment positions, strengthening preventive measures during procedures, and enhancing supervision of such incidents. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preface for the key column on bone grafting materials Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 302-303.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.001 Abstract （180）      PDF （1301KB）（252）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Meta-analysis of tenting technique for alveolar ridge augmentation Gong Jiaming, Zhao Ruimin, Lang Xin, Yu Zhanhai, Yuan Zhenfei Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 351-357.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.010 Abstract （179）      PDF （1864KB）（179）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy of applying the tent technique (TT) in alveolar ridge augmentation. Methods The PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, and SinoMed databases were electronically searched from April 1, 2002 to October 10, 2022 to identify clinical trials that employed TT in alveolar ridge augmentation. Results A total of 9 studies were included, of which 7 referred to horizontal ridge augmentation and 2 referred to vertical ridge augmentation. Meta-analysis indicated that TT had similar performance in horizontal ridge augmentation [ MD=0.89, 95% CI (-0.07, 1.85), P=0.07] and postoperative complications compared with guided bone regeneration (GBR) [ RR=3.90, 95% CI (0.85, 17.96), P=0.08]. Furthermore, TT had significantly less bone resorption than GBR and Onlay graft [ MD=-3.98, 95% CI (-6.32, -1.65), P=0.0008], which could obtain more vertical ridge augmentation than the latter [ MD=1.09, 95% CI (0.38, 1.81), P=0.003]. In terms of implant placement rate, their performance was as expected. Conclusion TT, as an alternative technique for alveolar ridge augmentation, achieves similar or better bone incremental performance than GBR or Onlay graft. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Finite element analysis of the effect of different occlusal characteristics on the biomechanical behavior of posterior implant-supported single crown Yang Feng, Wang Mengya, Yin Wenjie, Zhang Zheng, Chen Jiang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 16-23.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.004 Abstract （179）      PDF （1667KB）（163）       Knowledge map    Save Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of occlusal characteristics on the biomechanical behavior of the implant-bone interface of a posterior implant-supported single crown under immediate loading, using finite element analysis. This aims to provide reference for the selection of clinical occlusal characteristics. Methods The finite element model of an implant-supported crown with immediate loading and surrounding bone was constructed using the interference fit method. Six different occlusal characteristics were designed according to natural teeth. Ansys Workbench 2021 R2 software was used to analyze the axial static loading of 200 N. All the data were evaluated using the comparative analysis method to assess the impact of different occlusal characteristics on implant-bone interface displacement and Von Mises stress. Results A-B-C occlusal contact produced the smallest displacement of the implant and surrounding cortical and cancellous bone (10.52 μm, 5.67 μm, 9.34 μm), while prosthodontic platform occlusal (3 points) contact produced the largest displacement of the implant, cortical bone, and cancellous bone (15.24μm, 8.94μm, 12.15 μm). Compared with other occlusal contact types, A-B occlusal contact produced the largest Von Mises stress in the implant (71.91 MPa), significantly reduced the maximum Von Mises stress in cortical bone and had the largest maximum Von Mises stress in cancellous bone ( 18.04 MPa, 17.81 MPa). Conclusion Different occlusal characteristics significantly affect the displacement and Von Mises stress distribution at the implant-bone interface under immediate loading, and also change the stress concentration sites. A-B-C occlusal contact is beneficial in reducing the Von Mises stress on the implant and surrounding bone tissues, while A-B occlusal design has a slight advantage in the axial transmission of occlusal force. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application research of platelet-rich fibrin in immediate implantation in the aesthetic area Li Yongli, Qi Yuanzheng, Jiao Junjie, Han Xiao, Wang Junyan, Shi Ruining, Zhou Yanmin, Zhao Jinghui Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 310-314.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.003 Abstract （175）      PDF （1599KB）（247）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the clinical application value of platelet-rich fibrin in immediate implantation in the aesthetic area. Methods 24 cases of maxillary anterior teeth that could not be retained were retrospectively collected from January 2021 to January 2022 in our hospital. The residual roots were removed, and implants were placed at the same time. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups ( n=12). The control group received a combination of bone substitute and collagen membrane, while the experimental group received a combination of bone substitute and platelet-rich fibrin to guide bone regeneration and soft tissue augmentation. A total of 24 implants were implanted. Results Through clinical research and follow-up observation, the clinical results of the experimental group and the control group were similar. The effect of platelet-rich fibrin in immediate implantation in the aesthetic area was good. The implants had achieved stable osseointegration, the implant dentures had good function, and the patients were satisfied. Conclusion For immediate implantation cases in aesthetic areas, under the premise of strict grasp of surgical indications and operation skills, platelet-rich fibrin can effectively promote the augmentation of soft and hard tissue, and can be popularized in clinical applications. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the clinical effects of Er, Cr: YSGG laser in the treatment of peri-implantitis Sun Fei, Wang Cui, Hu Wenjie Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 417-423.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.005 Abstract （167）      PDF （1568KB）（205）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To evaluate changes in clinical parameters using Er, Cr: YSGG laser compared to submucosal debridement for the non-surgical treatment of early peri-implantitis. Methods Twenty-eight patients and 28 implants with early peri-implantitis were recruited. The patients were randomly divided into a test group and a control group. The test group (14 subjects/14 implants) was treated with Er, Cr: YSGG laser, and the control group (14 subjects/14 implants) received mechanical submucosal debridement using a titanium curettage and chlorhexidine irrigation. Clinical parameters, such as modified plaque index (mPI), peri-implant pocket probing depth (PD), and bleeding index (BI), were measured at baseline, 2 months, and 3 months after treatment. Differences in clinical parameters before and after treatment were compared. Results The mPI, PD and BI of both the test group and control group significantly reduced at 2 and 3 months after non-surgical intervention (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the test group significantly achieved a reduction in BI value at 2 and 3 months after treatment (1.67 ± 0.45 vs. 2.40 ± 0.55, P=0.001; 1.07 ± 0.38 vs. 2.09 ± 0.83, P<0.001). Both the control and test group exhibited comparable mPI and PD reductions ( P>0.05). The treatment success rates were 28.6% and 7.1% at the patient level ( P=0.037) and 70.2% and 48.8% at the site level ( P=0.012), respectively. Conclusion Er, Cr: YSGG laser for the treatment of early peri-implantitis may be used as an alternative to hand instrumentation to reduce soft tissue inflammation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and research progress of customized additive manufactured titanium mesh in bone augmentation for oral implantation Wang Lingxu, Wang Fangfang, Wang Penglai Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 364-370.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.012 Abstract （166）      PDF （1348KB）（338）       Knowledge map    Save Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a popular method for bone augmentation in oral implant restoration. Titanium mesh has become increasingly prevalent due to its excellent mechanical properties and support fixation. However, traditional prefabricated titanium mesh has limitations, such as poor fitting with the alveolar bone shape, which can result in complications such as wound tearing, mucosal damage, and titanium mesh exposure. Additive manufacturing technology, such as 3D printing, allows for the customization of customized titanium mesh with varying shapes, thicknesses, and porosity. This customized approach not only upholds the excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility of traditional titanium meshes but also achieves high-precision bone grafting through meticulous preoperative design and digital virtual reconstruction. Such an approach not only streamlines the surgical procedure and shortens surgery time, but also simplifies the surgeon’s operations and reduces trauma to patients. However, in clinical application, even though postoperative complications have decreased, issues such as the exposure of the titanium mesh persist and require careful attention. Despite the considerable clinical potential of titanium mesh from customized manufacturing, in-depth subsequent research is crucial to enhance its effectiveness. This article provides an overview of the current clinical application and research status of customized additive manufactured titanium mesh. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of the occlusal plane in the computer-assisted design of implant-supported fixed complete-arch rehabilitation Ye Ying, Liu Weicai Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 9-15.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.003 Abstract （164）      PDF （1569KB）（287）       Knowledge map    Save Various digital techniques have been extensively applied in implant dentistry. When addressing edentulous cases with implant-supported fixed complete-arch rehabilitation, the determination of the occlusal plane is a critical step, which is a prerequisite for achieving stable occlusal function. This review discusses the employed digital techniques and data fusion, the techniques of virtual mounting, and various methods applied in occlusal plane determination. We hope this work could provide valuable insights into the clinical work in implant-supported occlusal rehabilitation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of implant restorative abutment emergence taper changes on gingival attachment Xu Xinxin, Wang Xinyu, Han Zekui, Zhang Liang, Gao Shijun Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 36-41.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.007 Abstract （150）      PDF （1552KB）（247）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To assess the impact of different tapers and materials of abutments on peri-implant soft tissue attachment in vivo, and to select the best abutment taper. Methods Ti6Al4V and zirconia abutments with different tapers were prepared using CAD/CAM technology. The abutments underwent surface treatment and were placed into the oral cavities of animals. The animals were executed four weeks after healing, and the gingival attachment to abutments with different materials and tapers was observed using HE staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results Roughness Ti6Al4V Ra= 0.16 μm, zirconia Ra=0.34 μm. HE staining showed that there were more inflammatory cells in the 35° group than in the other groups, while there was no significant difference in the number and distribution of inflammatory cells in the 20°~ 30° groups, and the inflammation in zirconia group was more obvious than that in Ti6Al4V group. IHC staining demonstrated an immune response to laminin-5 at the interface between the abutment and the surrounding epithelium. The expression intensity reached its peak at 30° with the increase of the emergency taper. The expression in the zirconia group was weaker than that in the Ti6Al4V group. The MOD values (Mean Optical Density) of 20° to 40° were 0.27 ± 0.00, 0.29 ± 0.00, 0.35 ± 0.00, 0.24 ± 0.01 and 0.25 ± 0.01, respectively. The MOD values of Ti6Al4V and zirconia were 0.29 ± 0.00 and 0.20 ± 0.01, respectively. Conclusion The soft tissue attachment ability of the restorative abutment with 30° emergency taper was better, and the 3D-printed Ti6Al4V abutment was better than the digitally cut zirconia abutment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of the clinical effects of two different wound closure methods in extraction site preservation of maxillary molars Liu Zongyi, Zhang Qingbin, Ye Zhanchao, Yu Changying, Liu Wanqing Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 49-55.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.009 Abstract （150）      PDF （1608KB）（239）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To assess the clinical effects of concentrated growth factor (CGF) and free gingival grafting (FGG) in combination with Bio-Oss Collagen in extraction site preservation after maxillary molar extraction. Methods Thirty patients were randomly divided into two groups. The tooth sockets were filled with Bio-Oss Collagen, and then the wounds were closed using either CGF or FGG. Postoperative wound healing and the width of keratinized gingival tissue were observed, while CBCT was used to evaluate the changes in the alveolar bone and maxillary sinus floor. Results Group B exhibited a higher rate of wound healing compared to group A ( P<0.05). The width of keratinized gingival decreased by (0.79±0.16) mm in group A and (0.35±0.18) mm in group B, respectively ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding changes in alveolar bone or maxillary sinus floor ( P>0.05). Conclusion Both CGF and FGG combined with Bio-Oss Collagen effectively reduced bone resorption during ridge preservation after maxillary molar extraction, with no significant differences observed in alveolar bone or maxillary sinus floor changes between the two groups. However, FGG demonstrated better wound healing rates and less reduction of buccal keratinized gingival compared to CGF. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effects of osseodensification technique for transalveolar sinus floor elevation Wang Kexin, Ji Ping, Li Dize, Chen Yuan, Zhao Hongyong, Lu Qinyi, Bai Yaxin, Chen Tao Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 62-69.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.011 Abstract （150）      PDF （1660KB）（179）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the clinical effects of the osseodensification technique applied to transalveolar maxillary sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement. Methods A total of 39 patients underwent transalveolar sinus floor elevation using osseodensification and implant placement in the Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2022 to May 2023. 21 cases were female, and 18 cases were male, with ages ranging from 21 to 73 years old and an average of (51.67±11.68) years old. Definitive prosthesis was delivered 6 months after implant surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was conducted preoperatively (T0), postoperatively (T1), and at 6-month follow-up (T2), measuring residual bone height (RBH), vertical bone height (VBH), and bone density (BD) at the implant site. Implant stability test (IST), sinus membrane perforation rate, and implant survival rate (SR) were recorded and analyzed 6 months after implant surgery. Results A total of 39 patients underwent maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery with 53 implants placed simultaneously. Alveolar bone heights ranged from 3.38 to 9.40 mm at T0, with a mean of (6.16±1.00) mm, (11.25±1.10) mm at T1, and (10.36±0.99) mm at T2. Significant differences in alveolar bone height were observed among different observation points ( P <0.001). The BDT0, BDT1 and BDT2 were 196.65 Hu, 441.70 Hu, and 435.04Hu respectively. Significant differences in bone density between T0 and T1 ( P<0.0001) were found. The sinus membrane perforation rate was 1.89%. 2 implants were lost in 6 months after surgery, yielding a cumulative implant survival rate of 96.23%. The remaining implants exhibited favorable IST values 77.61±4.78 at 6 months post-surgery, and no peri-implant inflammation was observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion The osseodensification technique may achieve optimal clinical effects for transalveolar sinus floor elevation. The technique exhibits acceptable short-term outcomes, while further studies on long-term clinical effects are required. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Implant restorations and occlusal reconstruction in partially edentulous patients aided by digital technology: a basic restorative procedure Yan Yuwei, Lin Xiao, Ma Rui, Liang Chao, Geng Wei Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 30-35.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.006 Abstract （149）      PDF （2541KB）（194）       Knowledge map    Save Occlusal reconstruction is a complex oral treatment procedure that requires a high degree of treatment accuracy, especially when it involves occlusal reconstruction treatment of implant-supported fixed restorations. The assistance of digital technology is conducive to improving the accuracy of treatment and providing long-term stability for patients of implant restorations and occlusal reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to discuss the basic restorative procedures of implant restorations and occlusal reconstruction in partially edentulous patients assisted by the digital technology of the neuromuscular analysis system and the electronic facebow for clinical reference. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reflections on the sole application of xenograft of low substitution rate for maxillary sinus floor elevation Wu Shiyu, Chen Zhuofan, Huang Baoxin, Chen Zetao, Liu Yuanxiang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 327-331.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.006 Abstract （146）      PDF （1455KB）（233）       Knowledge map    Save The maxillary sinus floor elevation is a key technique for restoring the vertical bone volume in the patient’s posterior region. However, the maxillary sinus floor elevation still has limitations such as significant trauma, sometimes requiring a second surgical area, and a long treatment cycle. These limitations are closely related to its osteogenic mechanism and the bone augmentation protocol. The article summarizes the evolution of the “gold standard” of bone augmentation materials for maxillary sinus floor elevation from the perspectives of spatial maintenance ability and new bone formation quality based on the mechanism of sinus cavity osteogenesis, then focuses on the current clinical application status of simply using deproteinized bovine bone matrix, in order to provide ideas for standardized clinical treatment and conversion research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the clinical application of computer-assisted implant surgery Fu Shuang, Huang Bin, Feng Yi, Wang Haiyan, Sun Wei, Ji Wei, Shi Bin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 87-92.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.015 Abstract （134）      PDF （1295KB）（164）       Knowledge map    Save Computer-assisted technology has been applied in the field of implant surgery to improve the accuracy of implant placement and to achieve high success rate of implants and optimal aesthetic outcomes. There are two major types of computer-assisted implant surgery: static and dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery. Static computer-assisted implant surgery uses a surgical template to transfer the pre-designed implant position to patient while dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery guides implant placement using real-time tracking and navigation. With the rapid development of digital technology, computer-assisted implant surgery has been more and more widely used in clinical practice. In this paper, the clinical procedures of static and dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery are described. The accuracy of implant placement and factors influencing implant accuracy, clinical outcomes and patient-reported indicators of static and dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery are analyzed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preface for the key column on implant-supported occlusal reconstruction Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 1-2.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.001 Abstract （133）      PDF （1174KB）（222）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Preface for the key column on peri-implantitis Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 392-393.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.001 Abstract （130）      PDF （1131KB）（279）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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"Improved" maxillary sinus lift surgery Sun Xiaolin, Luo Jiaxin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 118-126.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.005 Abstract （127）      PDF （1637KB）（275）       Knowledge map    Save When posterior maxillary teeth are missing, the residual bone height required for implantation is insufficient due to the lack of functional stimulation from the teeth and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus. When residual bone volume cannot ensure the initial stability of the implant, a maxillary sinus floor elevation is needed to increase bone volume in the posterior maxillary region. The "PESS" procedure is a "modified" maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery that uses platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a single bone graft material, with the aid of an endoscope to elevate the maxillary sinus floor through the alveolar ridge and place implants simultaneously. The PESS procedure has optimized maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery to some extent and reduced surgical trauma. This article elaborates on the principles, indications, clinical procedures, and precautions of the "PESS" procedure to provide technical support for its clinical application. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A case of infraocclusion after implant placement and restoration of upper left central incisor Liu Lupeng, Zhao Ge, Yang Yundong, Xiao Huijuan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 77-81.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.013 Abstract （125）      PDF （1622KB）（194）       Knowledge map    Save The objective is to discuss the occurrence of infraocclusion after implant restoration in patients with missing upper anterior teeth,analyze and discuss the causes and clinical management methods of such complications. The patient's upper left central incisor was injured, and the crown and root were fractured subgingivally and could not be preserved. The affected tooth was extracted in a minimally invasive surgery and replaced by flapless immediate implant placement and immediate restoration. After 7 months, the zirconia ceramic crown restoration was delivered. CBCT and periapical radiographs with paralleling technique showed good osseointegration, sufficient thickness of the labial bone plate, and stabilization of marginal bone level. During the 5-year follow-up after implant placement, it was found that the implant settled and presented an infraocclusal situation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Implant treatment for patients with congenital tooth agenesis Wu Yiqun, Wang Feng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 204-211.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.003 Abstract （125）      PDF （2552KB）（173）       Knowledge map    Save Congenital tooth agenesis primarily manifests as an insufficient number of teeth, hypoplasia of the maxillary and mandibular alveolar processes, and maxillofacial dysplasia, all of which can result in oral or systemic dysfunction. Congenital tooth agenesis is harmful, and its treatment is challenging. Dental implants are an ideal option to restore missing teeth in these patients due to their good stability and comfort. This article aims to analyze the challenges associated with dental implants in the treatment of congenital tooth agenesis and propose strategies for the reconstruction of oral function in patients with congenital tooth agenesis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current research status of transalveolar technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous placement of dental implants Xia Haibin, Xu Junyi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 109-117.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.004 Abstract （118）      PDF （1604KB）（224）       Knowledge map    Save When the residual bone height is insufficient in the maxillary posterior region, the transalveolar technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement is less invasive, resulting in milder postoperative reactions and shorter treatment periods compared to the lateral window technique. However, due to the limited surgical vision and elevation technique, the transalveolar technique is susceptible to mucoperiosteal perforation or compromised osteogenesis and is therefore traditionally considered suitable only for cases where the residual bone height is mildly inadequate. With modifications to surgical instruments, improvements in clinical skills, and the assistance of digital technology, researchers have gained new insights into the indications and surgical protocols for transalveolar sinus floor elevation with simultaneous placement of dental implants. This paper presents an overview of the current basic and clinical research status of the transalveolar technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implantation by reviewing recent literature. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the preparation and antibacterial properties of polytetrafluoroethylene film modified customized titanium mesh Yang Bo, Han Zekui, Dai Haoran, Zhang Liang, Zang Yixin, Wang Xinyu, Su Yucheng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 451-459.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.010 Abstract （118）      PDF （2768KB）（126）       Knowledge map    Save Objective By preparing polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface of customized titanium mesh, the biocompatibility and antibacterial ability of the surface of customized titanium mesh were improved. Methods The surface of the customized titanium mesh was sandblasted to roughen the surface by alumina and air-sprayed with PTFE dispersion. The polytetrafluoroethylene film modified customized titanium mesh (PMTM) was obtained by sintering and heat curing. The experimental groups were selective laser melting printing untreated group (CON), mechanical polishing group (MP), low-grit sandblasting group (SB), titanium-reinforced dense polytetrafluoroethylene film group (TRDP). The surface morphology, roughness, hydrophilicity, functional groups and phase composition of the samples were analyzed. The number and morphology of bacteria adhering to the surface of each group of samples after co-culture with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were analyzed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial ability of polytetrafluoroethylene film modified customized titanium mesh. Results The polytetrafluoroethylene film with stable bonding and a high purity is formed on the surface of the PMTM group, which reduced the micron-scale roughness and is highly hydrophobic. The number of bacteria on the surface of the CON group was the largest ( P<0.001), and the numbers of bacteria on the surface of the MP and SB groups were lower. The PMTM and TRDP groups had the lowest bacterial adhesion, and their antibacterial adhesion effects were similar ( P>0.05). Conclusion The preparation of polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface of customized titanium mesh can improve its ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion, which is an ideal surface treatment method for customized titanium mesh. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Surface decontamination in peri-implantitis management Dong Xiaoxiao Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 437-443.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.008 Abstract （117）      PDF （1359KB）（462）       Knowledge map    Save Surface decontamination of implants is much more difficult than that of natural teeth. Incomplete decontamination is the main reason causing peri-implantitis treatment failure. This article reviews the implant surface decontamination modalities: mechanical decontamination methods, chemical decontamination methods and physical methods. Mechanical decontamination methods are the treatment most well documented. It is the foundation for peri-implantitis treatment. Nowadays, there is no gold standard for management of peri-implantitis. A combination of different decontamination modalities is recommended. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on digital methods for recording and transferring maxillomandibular relationship Man Yi, Lan Dongping Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 212-217.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.004 Abstract （117）      PDF （1472KB）（144）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, the advancing development of digital dental technology has heralded a new era in full-arch implant restoration. A crucial element for successful complete denture is the accurate recording and transfer of the maxillomandibular relationship. Compared to traditional methods, digital technology has the potential to shorten the treatment cycle and improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment. This article elaborates on the application and advances of digital technology in recording and transferring the maxillomandibular relationship in edentulous patients. The opportunities and challenges presented by the digitization of dental technology to clinicians will be discussed, with the aim of providing them with a valuable reference. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances of yttrium-containing zirconia materials in dental clinical applications Xie Hailin, Guo Xueqi, Wang Liping Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 184-189.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.014 Abstract （114）      PDF （1344KB）（138）       Knowledge map    Save Yttrium-containing zirconia ceramic (YCZC) has been widely used in field of implant and restorative dentistry. It has good mechanical and biological properties when compared with other types of zirconia ceramics. Different types of zirconia ceramics have been used in clinical application, such as Yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP)with high mechanical properties, and Yttrium-partially stabilized zirconia (Y-PSZ)with high aesthetic properties. Therefore, understanding the physical and chemical properties of different YCZC can improve the clinical success of dental restorations. This article summarizes the available literature concerning the physical and chemical properties of YCZC and their clinical applications in the field of dentistry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of deep learning-assisted anatomical structure segmentation based on CBCT in implant dentistry Gao Qiancheng, Li Xindong, Cao Mingguo, Liu Yunfeng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 82-86.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.014 Abstract （112）      PDF （1333KB）（198）       Knowledge map    Save Compared with manual segmentation and traditional algorithm segmentation, the application of deep learning for oral anatomical structure segmentation can obtain accurate and consistent segmentation results efficiently. This approach can quickly obtain the anatomical structure information of the surgical areas to design implant surgery and restoration. This review provides an overview of the progress in CBCT-based deep learning for anatomical structure segmentation in the field of implant dentistry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Accuracy study of digital implant surgical guides for immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone Jiang Zhongwei, Zhou Hongli, Yang Beining Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 377-382.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.014 Abstract （112）      PDF （1341KB）（179）       Knowledge map    Save Immediate implant placement is proven as a predictable surgical option with similar success rates, but shorter treatment time compared with delayed implant placement. It even allows for immediate restoration to meet the patient’s aesthetic needs with maximum preservation of hard and soft tissues. However, immediate implant placement in the aesthetic zone is technically challenging due to the morphology of the extraction socket and various surgical factors. Conventional freehand manipulation struggles against the resistance of the dense palatal bone plate, potentially leading to aesthetic or biological complications when the implant deviates buccally. With the development and maturation of computer-assisted technology, digital implant guides have been widely used in implant surgery, which can significantly improve accuracy compared with freehand techniques. However, there is a paucity of studies that have reported the accuracy and influencing factors of immediate implant placement using these digital guides. This article reviews the accuracy and influencing factors of digital surgical guides for immediate implant placement in the aesthetic zone. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status of virtual patient construction in implant dentistry Chen Jinyan, Zhang Yun, Wu Yiqun, Wang Feng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 473-477.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.013 Abstract （110）      PDF （1380KB）（162）       Knowledge map    Save With the application of digital technology in dentistry, the construction of virtual patients can integrate multi-source digital information of patients to assist dentists in diagnosis and treatment planning, which has good prospects in dental implant therapy. The article discusses the acquisition of multi-source three-dimensional images and dynamic information, the construction of virtual patients as well as their application in the field of implant dentistry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of demineralized dentin matrix as scaffold material for dental stem cells Wu Daomin, Bao Jibo, Zhu Qiuyan, Xie Zhigang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 358-363.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.011 Abstract （107）      PDF （1529KB）（117）       Knowledge map    Save Tissue engineering uses the cooperation of cells, bioactive materials and extracellular matrix to achieve tissue regeneration. As a scaffold material in tissue engineering, demineralized dentin matrix can simulate extracellular matrix microenvironment, promote odontogenic differentiation of stem cells, and be used for regeneration of dental pulp, dentin and periodontal tissues. In dental tissue engineering, demineralized dentin matrix and dental stem cells are used to repair dental pulp exposure and root regeneration, which can reproduce the anatomical structure and function of dental tissues in the body. It is expected to replace the traditional pulp capping agent to repair damaged teeth in the future, replace the traditional implant for restoration, and realize tooth regeneration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of platform technology in the treatment of peri-implantitis combined with implant infraposition in the aesthetic zone: a case report and literature review Lin Zhihui, Wang Xi, Man Yi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 424-429.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.006 Abstract （106）      PDF （1718KB）（311）       Knowledge map    Save In the process of long-term functional use of implant-supported dentures, the occurrence of peri-implant biological complications is often difficult to avoid due to various factors such as the patient's overall health condition, surgical procedures, implant restorations, and prosthetic techniques. Additionally, during the long-term clinical follow-up of patients with aesthetic zone implant restorations, it is often observed that the incisal edge of implant restoration is positioned lower towards the root compared to the contralateral natural tooth, indicating implant infraposition. This article reports a case of aesthetic zone implant peri-implantitis combined with implant infraposition treated using platform techniques. In this case, non-surgical treatment was used to control inflammation in the surgical area before the surgery, and connective tissue platform techniques were employed during the surgery to increase soft tissue volume around the implant. Temporary restoration was performed after 3 months postoperatively, followed by the final restoration after 6 months. Short-term treatment results showed that for cases of aesthetic zone implant peri-implantitis combined with implant infraposition, the use of connective tissue platform techniques can effectively achieve soft tissue reconstruction in the surgical area and reduce aesthetic risks. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics