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Influence factors of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation Zhao Yang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 289-294.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.016 Abstract （1296）      PDF （1348KB）（898）       Knowledge map    Save Maxillary sinus floor elevation is a common surgical method to solve the problem of insufficient bone mass in the posterior maxillary region. Based on the special background of maxillary sinus bone augmentation, we explore the principles of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation results from the mechanism of osteogenesis, which can be considered from four aspects: bone contact area, angiogenesis, stability of space, and safe healing. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent advances in the factors affecting the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of peri-implantitis Yan Fuhua, Song Shiyuan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 402-409.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.003 Abstract （932）      PDF （1334KB）（1136）       Knowledge map    Save Oral implant therapy is one of the most common methods for restoring defective and missing dentition. Peri-implantitis is a prevalent biological complication of implant therapy, characterized by inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. The occurrence of peri-implantitis can impact the prognosis of implant restorations or even lead to implant failure, significantly affecting the patient's health and quality of life. Therefore, reducing the risk factors of peri-implantitis, timely diagnosis and effective treatments are of great importance to enhance the prognosis of implant therapy. This review describes the factors influencing the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, the current diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic methods. Furthermore, it discusses emerging treatment modalities with potential clinical applications and reviews ongoing research progress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on the management of sinus floor elevation mucoperiosteum perforation (first edition) Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (5): 277-281.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.10.002 Abstract （887）      PDF （1059KB）（1104）       Knowledge map    Save Maxillary sinus floor elevation is a common and standard method for the rehabilitation of atrophic bone in the posterior maxilla but has highly technical sensitivity and considerable complications. A common complication is the Schneiderian membrane perforation. Systemic reviews and expert-written forums are common in the literature. However, a consensus about the guideline for the management of the Schneiderian membrane perforation during maxillary sinus floor elevation has not been reached. To this end, experts from the Chinese Society of Oral Implantology discussed several times and have drafted this expert consensus in order to provide clinicians with practical and feasible measures for preventing, diagnosing, and treating the Schneiderian membrane perforation during the surgery of sinus floor elevation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of the socket shield technique Luo Zhen, Liu Hong, Wu Wangxi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (2): 119-123.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.04.009 Abstract （822）      PDF （1177KB）（680）       Knowledge map    Save The socket shield technique is a new technology emerging in oral implantology in the last decade or so. Its introduction is to fundamentally interrupt the process of physiologic resorption in the alveolar socket after the tooth extraction. But no consensus has been reached on the standard operation and long-term effect of this treatment. Meanwhile with the development of digital technology, how to accurately and efficiently apply the socket shield technique has gradually attracted attention. The clinical procedure, the complication, the evaluation index and the digital application of the socket shield technique will be reviewed in this paper, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the promotion of this technique in oral implantology. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of implant technique in the pterygoid plate area-standard operational practice Pu Yiping, Gao Zhenhua, Zhao Zhengyi, Zou Duohong, Yang Chi, Zhang Zhiyuan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (3): 143-151.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.06.001 Abstract （819）      PDF （1621KB）（765）       Knowledge map    Save The technique of TPP (T:maxillary tuberosity,P:pterygoid plate,P:palatine) implants has been proposed, that the pillar composed of maxillary tuberosity,the pyramidal process of the palatineand the pterygoid process of the sphenoid in pterygomaxillary region can provide a certain volume of compact bone. Inclined implants of 30-50 degrees are placed in pterygoid region. As it is located in the end of distal part of maxilla, the distal cantilever of the prosthesis is completely eliminated. TPP implants with good initial stability are often applied in combination with the implants in anterior and bicuspid areas to provide favorable conditions for immediate loading. This technique can be applied for immediate implant and immediate restoration of maxillary complete arch or unilateral multiple posterior teeth loss with alveolar bone atrophy. Furthermore,the success rate is high (>90%). Due to avoiding the procedure of bone augmentation approach in maxillary sinus region and simplifying the procedure of implant surgery, it could reduce the trauma of patients, relieve postoperative reaction and pain, shorten the course of treatment and provide a new clinical solution for patients with insufficient bone in maxillary posterior area, especially for the patients who can not undergo bone graft procedure. However, clinicians still face many difficulties achieving effectively clinical application of this technique, including standard surgical protocol, the correct position of the placement site, preoperative evaluation, the design of length and placement angle, the safety procedure of the surgery and implant direction control and risk management, etc. Our team established standard surgical protocol of TPP technique for immediate implant and immediate loading with severe bone deficiency in maxillary posterior area. We sincerely hope that the article will provide a reference and basis for clinicians when applying the technique to avoid complex operation and complications related to bone augmentation, popularize the clinical application of the technique. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design, manufacturing, and clinical application of digital sequential assembled guide in full arch immediate implant placement and immediate restoration Peng Lingyan, Liu Qian, Li Ruhua, Wang Xia, Pi Xueming, Su Yucheng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (3): 185-191.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.06.008 Abstract （789）      PDF （2166KB）（935）       Knowledge map    Save This article discusses the method of precise implantation and provisionalization for patients who intend to accept the treatment of full arch immediate implant placement and immediate restoration. Digital technologies are used to design sequential assembled guide and prefabricated prosthesis. With the guidance of template, alveolar bone reduction following tooth extraction, implant site osteotomy and implant placement, as well as precise placement of temporary prosthesis are carried out. This clinical technology, which is effective and worthy of promotion, enables the implant surgery and prosthetic procedures quick, efficient and accurate. This article gives a systematic elaboration about the design, manufacturing, and clinical application of the digital sequential assembled guide in full arch immediate implant placement and immediate restoration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on complications of sinus floor elevation: bleeding (first edition) Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (6): 345-348.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.12.002 Abstract （778）      PDF （1154KB）（1048）       Knowledge map    Save Maxillary sinus bleeding is common during and after sinus floor elevation, which may cause unclear visual field, accidental perforation of sinus mucosa, or even changes of vital signs. It’s important to have a clear understanding of this kind of complication. Based on the clinical experiences of some national experts, and combined with the references of international expertise, this article summarized the pathogenesis of maxillary sinus floor elevation hemorrhage, the anatomy of the alveolar antral artery, the clinical manifestations and treatment, and the precautions. An expert consensus was reached to provide criteria and references for sinus floor elevation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on complications of sinus floor elevation: displacement of dental implant into the maxillary sinus (first edition) Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (5): 264-268.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.10.001 Abstract （686）      PDF （1172KB）（876）       Knowledge map    Save Dental implantation at the posterior maxillary region involving the sinus has become a routine treatment for the edentulous patients. However, due to medical or pathogenic factors, various postoperative complications may occur, among which the relatively rare but serious complication is the displacement of dental implant into the maxillary sinus. At present, there is still lack of guideline or consensus on the management of this complication at home and abroad. Therefore, the Chinese Society of Oral Implantology organized experts from different domestic universities to discuss and draft this consensus from the aspects of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment plans and prevention methods, aiming to provide clinicians with practical measures for the prevention and treatment of the complication of implant displacement into the maxillary sinus. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the application and mechanism of nanomaterials in stomatology Zhang Han, Meng Lingxi, Wang Mican, Lu Jingwei, Mei Hongxiang, Liao Wen Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (5): 328-333.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.10.011 Abstract （682）      PDF （1091KB）（854）       Knowledge map    Save Nanomaterials have been widely used in the field of oral disease prevention and treatment, especially in controlling the development of caries and alleviating dentin allergy, due to their superior antibacterial properties and biocompatibility. Meanwhile, nanomaterials provide solutions for tissue regeneration, especially for oral tissue regeneration, due to their small particle size, high antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. At present, the research on nanomaterials in the field of dentistry focuses on the biological effects of various nanomaterials on different oral cells and clinical application studies. In this paper, we will review the biological effects of nanoparticles on oral cells, potential mechanisms and influencing factors, aiming to provide references for the development of new materials in the field of oral medicine and the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Key points of technique and experience of Extraction socket grafting-ridge preservation Qiu Lixin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (1): 2-6.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.02.002 Abstract （651）      PDF （1231KB）（1197）       Knowledge map    Save The current concept of dental implants is to achieve functional and aesthetic rehabilitation with minimal trauma. Intervention at the very beginning of extraction could reduce the surgical trauma in late stage and complexity of bone and soft tissue augmentation. Ridge preservation involves the grafting in the extraction socket, preserving or augmenting the residual crestal ridge. The aim of this article is to review the definition, indication and key points during operation of ridge preservation. Combining with personal clinical experience, the development tendency of the technology has been discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on bone grafting materials for maxillary sinus floor elevation: bone substitutes Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (1): 3-8.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.002 Abstract （624）      PDF （1435KB）（840）       Knowledge map    Save Autogenous bone has long been considered the "gold standard" for maxillary sinus floor elevation. However, secondary iatrogenic injury, limited source, easy resorption, and high risk of complications at donor sites limit its clinical application. Thus, the search for and selection of an ideal bone substitute for autologous bone becomes the development trend of bone augmentation technique. In this paper, the characteristics of three major bone substitutes including allograft, xenograft, and alloplastic graft, as well as the implant survival rate after the above bone substitutes were used on the maxillary sinus floor were summarized. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of socket-shield technique for immediate implant placement in aesthetic area Zhao Yaoyu, Yan Qi, Shi Bin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (6): 376-380.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.12.009 Abstract （565）      PDF （1067KB）（420）       Knowledge map    Save Socket-shield technique has the advantages of maintaining alveolar bone dimension, reducing labial soft tissue recession and improving the aesthetic effect of restoration. An increasing number of oral implantology clinicians have become familiar with this technique in recent years. Through a literature review, this paper summarized and discussed the proposal and development of this technique, clinical operation process and medical evidence, so as to provide a reference for clinicians. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of bone window design for maxillary sinus floor elevation through lateral window approach Zhang wen, Gu Xinhua Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (5): 334-338.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.10.012 Abstract （533）      PDF （1090KB）（740）       Knowledge map    Save The key of maxillary sinus floor elevation through lateral window approach is to expose and lift the sinus membrane, and the design of bone window is the primary factor to expose the sinus membrane. The traditional bone window is designed as a single and large window. If there is a sinus septum, 2 or 3 bone windows will be designed to avoid sinus septum. The lower boundary of the bone window is generally 3-5 mm at the bottom of the maxillary sinus. In recent years, many scholars have continuously studied the size, height, and distance from the alveolar ridge border, which has reduced intraoperative and postoperative discomfort and increased patient satisfaction. This article reviews the size, position, and shape of the bone window and digitally assisted lateral window osteotomy by consulting the recent literature. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on complications of sinus floor elevation: sinus infection and sinus graft infection (first edition) Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (2): 71-74.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.04.002 Abstract （512）      PDF （907KB）（612）       Knowledge map    Save Sinus floor elevation is a well-established technique but with high technical sensitivity. Postoperative infection including sinus infection and graft infection is one of the major complication, which could cause severe problems though the incidence is not high. Bone augmentation procedures in the posterior maxilla increase dramatically as the demands for dental implant therapy from patients grow rapidly in China. The treatment and prevention of postoperative infection has drawn more and more attention from clinicians. But there is still a lack of consensus on the management of the complications. Therefore, the Chinese Society of Oral Implantology has organized the conference to discuss and draft the expert consensus, which aims to provide clinicians with guidelines for preventing, diagnosing and treating the complications of sinus infection and sinus graft infection. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A systematic review comparing the exposure of customized titanium mesh and conventional titanium mesh after guided bone regeneration Zhou Libo, Su Yucheng, Li Xinru, Zhang Liqiang, Chen Deping Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (2): 112-118.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.04.011 Abstract （486）      PDF （1585KB）（574）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the exposure rate of customized titanium mesh and traditional titanium mesh after guided bone regeneration(GBR) and the time point of soft tissue dehiscence, and to provide clinical reference for GBR. Methods Databases, including PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials, were searched by two independent researchers, for published articles on titanium mesh exposure after GBR. This study selected English articles published from January 1st, 2011 to December 31th, 2021. Stata 16.0 software was used to systematically analyze the research data that finally met the inclusion criteria. Results A total of 962 articles were found, and 9 of which were quantitatively analysed. The combined value of the total exposure rate of titanium mesh was 0.37（95% CI=0.31~0.42）. The result of subgroup analysis showed that the combined value of the customized titanium mesh exposure rate was 0.20（95% CI=0.13~0.27） and the combined value of the traditional titanium mesh exposure rate was 0.60（95% CI=0.52~0.68）. Conclusion The exposure rate of customized titanium mesh is lower than that of traditional titanium mesh, which is of great significance to provide sufficient grafting space for accurate bone reconstruction in GBR. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application procedures and skills of immediate implant with socket-shield technique Wang Juan, Chen Luo, Gao Ming, Zhu Yibo, Qiu Lixin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (4): 242-247.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.007 Abstract （477）      PDF （1297KB）（542）       Knowledge map    Save Immediate implant with the socket-shield technique was first proposed by Hürzeler in the year of 2010. It has been confirmed that this technique can preserve labial bone plate and periodontal ligament better than conventional immediate implant placement. It is more conducive to the maintenance of gingival margin position, soft tissue contour, gingival color, and character after implantation. This technique has been applied to clinics by many scholars for more than 10 years. But its operation process is not completely unified, which makes it difficult to popularize this technology in the clinic. The author's team has first started the clinical research of this technology in China in 2013. In this paper, a new dental shield management method different from Hürzeler's is proposed. The clinical treatment process and 7-year follow-up result of one case of the immediate implant with socket-shield technique in the aesthetic area are illustrated, in order to provide evidence and clinical experience for the clinical application of this technology. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on complications of sinus floor elevation: compromised osteogenesis (first edition) Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (1): 4-8.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.02.002 Abstract （476）      PDF （920KB）（613）       Knowledge map    Save Maxillary sinus floor elevation procedure is often used as a solution to increase the residual bone height in the maxillary posterior tooth area. There is no consensus on the prevention and management of complications after maxillary sinus elevation procedure despite numerous intra- and postoperative complications. This review mainly focuses on compromised osteogenesis after maxillary sinus floor elevation and reviews risk factors, clinical manifestations, methods for preventing and managing this complication, to provide evidence for clinical practice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and research progress of concentrated growth factor in oral implantology and periodontology Lei Chen, Wu Qirong, Tang Chunbo Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (2): 135-140.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.04.011 Abstract （470）      PDF （1129KB）（593）       Knowledge map    Save Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) are the most common surgical procedures for soft and hard tissue regeneration in the field of dentistry. After decades of clinical applications of these techniques, challenges of esthetics and function rehabilitation have triggered the development of numerous bone or soft tissue subsitutes. However, the existing allograft or xenograft materials still carry potential risks of cross-infection and immune rejection,and for barrier membranes, acceptable mechanical strength and biodegradation may not be both achieved in most cases. These years, autologous platelet concentrates have emerged as innovative graft materials and come into common use due to the easiness of preparation, excellent biocompatibility and regenerative properties. Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a new generation of platelet concentrates. The fibrin matrix scaffold inside is much stiffer than its previous generations, while the richer growth factors, cytokines and cells it contains better promote cell proliferation and differentiation, extracellular matrix synthesis and angiogenesis. This article reviewed the characteristics of CGF in terms of bone and soft tissue augmentation in oral cavity and its related research progress in dental clinics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Surgical workflow of dynamic navigation system guided zygomatic implant surgery Lan Gengliang, Tao Baoxin, Huang Wei, Wang Feng, Li Shunshun, Wu Yiqun Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (1): 9-15.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.02.003 Abstract （468）      PDF （1772KB）（558）       Knowledge map    Save Due to the surrounding complex anatomical structures and the limited volume of zygoma bone, zygomatic implant placement is a highly technique-sensitive surgery. Clinically, applying a dynamic navigation system enables doctors to complete the implant placement under real-time monitoring, minimizing surgical risks and realizing preoperative planning. However, the dynamic navigation system still has an inevitable error caused by the type, distribution, and the number of registration markers, which will affect the registration accuracy, affecting the dynamic navigation accuracy at the surgery. The reduced precision of dynamic navigation surgery can cause serious surgical complications of zygomatic implant surgery. Furthermore, the operator’s familiarity with the dynamic navigation surgical process and proficiency in the zygomatic implant surgery may impact the final accuracy. This article summarizes the standard procedures and relevant factors that affect the accuracy of zygomatic implant surgery with a dynamic navigation system. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The decision-making principles of sinus floor elevation Pi Xuemin, Liu Qian, Chen Deping, Ren Bin, Pan Hong, Su Yucheng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (5): 322-326.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.10.011 Abstract （463）      PDF （1653KB）（772）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A 5-year clinical observation on the effect of four different transmucosal height restoration abutments on marginal bone resorption Yang Jingjing, Hu Changqi, Yu Zhengrong, Gong Jinmei, Huang Jiangqin, Wei Hongwu Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (1): 22-27.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.02.005 Abstract （461）      PDF （1246KB）（521）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of restoration abutments with different transgingival heights after 5 years of implant restoration. Methods Patients who underwent implant restoration for dental defects in the Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2015 to September 2015 were selected and divided into four groups according to the different transgingival heights of the restoration abutment selected when the final restoration was completed: Group A (≤1 mm), Group B (2 mm), Group C (3 mm), Group D (4 mm). According to the grouping situation, measurement was performed immediately after the implantation, when the final restoration was completed, and at least 5 years after the restoration using curved tomography to analyze the changes in the bone tissue at the implant neck. Results During the observation period, after at least 5 years of functional loading, the success rate of 63 implants was 96.83%. Among the four groups, the amount of bone tissue absorption around the implant in group A [T2-T1:（-0.627 ±1.030） mm]and in group B[T2-T1:（-0.017±0.424 ）mm]was statistically significant (P<0.05). The relationship between the prosthetic abutment with different transgingival heights and the exposure of the implant neck platform was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion For self-locking taper-retained implants, when the final restoration is completed, the choice of restoration abutments with different gingival heights will have a certain impact on the absorption of bone tissue around the implant. Long gingival restorations are used under the same implant depth. The table can reduce the exposure of the implant neck platform after functional weight-bearing, thereby reducing the risk of infection of the implant from the surrounding environment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances of wound closure in alveolar ridge preservation Liu Zhenhui, Hu Wenjie Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (5): 322-327.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.10.010 Abstract （460）      PDF （1093KB）（800）       Knowledge map    Save Favorable soft and hard tissue morphology is the basis of successful implant therapy, following a tooth extraction, the alveolar ridge undergoes physiological remodeling which affects prosthetically driven implant restoration. Alveolar ridge preservation can effectively preserve the soft and hard tissue contour of tooth extraction sites and create conditions for implant restorations. Good wound closure is one of the important keys to ensure the success of the operation. This article discusses different methods of wound closure, in order to provide a reference for the clinical application of this technique to achieve ideal results. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and risk of short implants in maxillary posterior teeth Shi Bin, Liao Yilin, Yan Qi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (4): 213-218.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.002 Abstract （458）      PDF （1099KB）（727）       Knowledge map    Save In the posterior maxilla, dental implant placement is usually challenged by insufficient ridge height. Short implants could be used as an alternative to bone augmentation procedures and obtain good clinical outcomes. However, some factors may bring risks to the successful application of short implants. This review introduces the definition and development of short implants, discusses risk factors of short implants in the posterior maxilla, and provides recommendations for the choice of implant size and restoration design when using short implants. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of robots in the field of dental implantology Chen Jiang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (5): 274-279.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.10.003 Abstract （458）      PDF （1495KB）（681）       Knowledge map    Save Recently, with the development of digital technology in the field of dental implantology, from static computer-assisted implant surgery to dynamic navigation, and then to today's dental implant robot system, the accuracy of implants has been a hot topic in the field of dental implantology. After clinical application, on the basis of expounding the classification, workflow, and application status of oral implant robots, this paper also discusses the shortcomings and thinks about the coming era of dental implant robots, in order to provide a reference for further application and development of oral implant robot in the future. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Immediate temporary restoration options after full-arch implant placement Peng Lingyan, Wang Xia, Pi Xuemin, Liu Qian, Chen Deping, Tang Suxia, Pan Hong, Su Yucheng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (3): 173-180.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.009 Abstract （454）      PDF （1965KB）（460）       Knowledge map    Save This article discusses the options of immediate temporary restoration after the treatment of full arch implant placement. The four options including traditional impression technique, pick-up technique with the original removable denture, stereophotogrammetry technique, and prefabricated immediate provisionalization with the digital sequential assembled guide, are illustrated in detail from the aspects of categories, indications, technique procedures, and comparisons. Implant clinicians should choose the most suitable treatment of immediate temporary restoration for patients who plan to accept full arch implant placement according to their various situations and diagnoses. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of creating food escape grooves adjacent to marginal ridge on the perception of food impaction in implant-supported fixed prosthesis Zheng Jiabao, Gao Wenmo, Zuo Xiaoyun, Yang Bo, Luo Chenchen, Chen Ming Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (1): 26-29.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.005 Abstract （453）      PDF （1394KB）（404）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the effect of creating food escape grooves adjacent to marginal ridge on the improvement of food impaction around implant-supported prosthesis. Methods 41 patients with implant-supported prosthesis in the maxillary and mandibular molar regions complaining of distinct discomfort during chewing caused by food impaction around implants were selected. Food escape grooves were created adjacent to the marginal ridges of implant crowns. The patients were followed up regularly. Results All patients (100%) reported a significant improvement in symptoms of food impaction. Conclusion Creating food escape grooves adjacent to marginal ridge helps to improve the symptoms of food impaction and achieve a high level of patient satisfaction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Short-term observation of 3D-printing individualized titanium mesh in restoration of severe alveolar bone defeats Guo Xueqi, Chen Yunxin, Yang Lan, Chen Xili, Chen Zhongren, Su Hanfu, Wang Liping Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (6): 368-375.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.12.006 Abstract （441）      PDF （2590KB）（579）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the short-term clinical effect of 3D-PITM in the restoration of severe alveolar bone defects. Methods Retrospective analysis of 15 objects who underwent the restoration of alveolar bone defeat by utilization of 3D-printing individualized titanium mesh (3D-PITM) combined with guided bone regeneration (GBR) in the Department of dental implantology of Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University since December 2020. Postoperative infection, 3D-PITM exposure, and patient satisfaction were evaluated and short-term bone augmentation was measured by digital technique. Results A total of 15 patients was included in the current study, none of them had a postoperative infection, only one of them had 3D-PITM exposure (6.0%). Patient satisfaction on the surgery process, postoperative reaction, and follow-up was evaluated to be 8.32±0.79. In 3 months, the average acquired horizontal bone augmentation was (3.02±1.52) mm (maximum at 7.53 mm), and average acquired vertical bone augmentation was (3.71±1.82) mm (maximum at 7.30 mm). Conclusion Utilization of 3D-PITM in the restoration of severe alveolar bone defeat was promising in short-term observations with low infection and exposure rate, and high patient satisfaction outcomes. However, long-term study on bone stability by 3D-PITM is also required. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2020, 25 (2): 85-89.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2020.06.010 Abstract （436）      PDF （491KB）（436）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on bone grafting materials for sinus floor elevation: bioactive agents, cell therapies and graft-free sinus floor elevation Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (6): 329-333.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.12.001 Abstract （434）      PDF （1062KB）（565）       Knowledge map    Save Sinus floor elevation is a reliable approach to solve the problem of vertical bone deficiency in the posterior maxillary area. At present, there are many bone grafting materials available for sinus floor elevation, but no consensus on their selection is achieved. This consensus focuses on bioactive agents, cell therapies and graft-free sinus floor elevation, and summarizes the results on their clinical application, hoping to provide a reference for the selection during clinical practice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Decision tree for the selection of immediate restoration options after full-arch implant placement Peng Lingyan, Wang Yong, Su Yucheng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (6): 381-386.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.12.010 Abstract （434）      PDF （1568KB）（645）       Knowledge map    Save Today, immediate fixed restoration after full-arch implant placement is being used by more and more clinicians and patients. New technologies, devices and software continue to emerge, and there is some confusion in clinical application. To standardize the application of this protocol and provide patients with a variety of options, according to the article “Immediate temporary restoration options after full-arch implant placement” published in June 2022 in this journal, the author team further establishes this decision tree to solve such clinical cases, with the aim of providing implant prosthetic dentists with advices and references of diagnosis and treatment, which dentists can adopt with a comprehensive decision-making based on clinical situation, dentist's experience, available equipment and software. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology,Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China Zhang Wanting, He Jiacai Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (1): 28-33.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.02.006 Abstract （426）      PDF （1405KB）（619）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze impact factors of failed dental implant cases, and provide the theoretical guidance for clinical operation. Methods Cases in the Center of Oral Implantology from January 2012 to January 2021 with complete medical records were selected. The differences of gender, age, periodontal disease status, location of implants, implant, and surgical factors were compared between failed implants and successful implants. Statistical analysis software was SPSS 24.0. Statistical methods were the χ² test, Fisher’s Exact Test, and binary logistic regression. The level of statistical significance is expressed as P< 0.05. Results A total of 6124 implant cases were included in this study including 82 failed cases. The implant failure rate was 1.34%. There were 72 early failed cases and 10 late failed, with failure rates of 1.18% and 0.16%. Statistics results showed that the failure risk of men was higher than that of women (P< 0.001). Cases with implant diameter < 4.0 mm, implant length < 10 mm, and bone quality type Ⅳ showed a higher failure rate (P< 0.01). The failure risk in cases with internal sinus floor elevation (ISFE) was higher than those without the surgery (P< 0.001). The implant surface which were not sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) had a higher failure rate than those of SLA and SLActive (P=0.001). Age, upper or lower jaw, surgical site, the shape of implants, lateral approach of sinus floor elevation (LASF), and guided bone regeneration (GBR) had no statistical significance for dental implant failure. Conclusion The risk factors for the failure of dental implants were male, bone quality typeⅣ, implant diameter< 4 mm, implant length< 10 mm, non-SLA implant surface, ISFE surgical treatment, and periodontal disease. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on bone grafting materials for maxillary sinus floor elevation: autogenous bone Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (5): 269-273.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.10.002 Abstract （424）      PDF （895KB）（489）       Knowledge map    Save Autogenous bone is derived from the patient's own body and has osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties without the risk of immunological rejection or disease transmission. For this reason, autogenous bone has long been regarded as the "gold standard" of bone grafting materials. This article summarizes the biological properties of bone grafting materials, the harvest of autogenous bone, the osteogenesis process and the clinical efficacy of autogenous bone graft in the maxillary sinus floor, and the limitations of autogenous bone, based on evidence-based principles, and proposes a consensus view based on the clinical experience of some Chinese experts. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Introduction of a technique for severely atrophic alveolar ridge reconstruction: modified fence technique Man Yi, Liu Jingjing Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (6): 349-353.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.12.003 Abstract （424）      PDF （1323KB）（655）       Knowledge map    Save Bone augmentation, especially vertical bone augmentation, has always been a difficulty and challenge in the clinical treatment of implantation. Although the bone block technique, which is now considered as the “golden standard” for massive bone grafting, and various bone augmentation techniques have been widely used and studied, every technique has some limitations, and there is no widely recognized optimal vertical bone augmentation technique at present. Therefore, the exploration of vertical bone augmentation technology also needs to be continued. In this paper, we will introduce a new vertical bone augmentation technique, the fence technique, which is a kind of guided bone regeneration technique by bending a titanium plate and fixing it on the bone defect area to support the osteogenic space. As a new technique, it inevitably has some disadvantages and limitations. In this paper, we also put forward an improvement of this technique, adopting full digital design and process to simplify and standardize this technique, adding a new idea and method for vertical bone augmentation.. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of 3D printing individualized titanium mesh for complex bone augmentation Ji Ping Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (6): 334-339.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.12.002 Abstract （422）      PDF （1160KB）（1075）       Knowledge map    Save Complex and severe alveolar bone defect is an important factor affecting the esthetic and long-term stability of dental implants. Compared to conventional bone augmentation, digital and custom bone augmentation could reduce operation time and improve the accuracy of bone augmentation. Three-D printing individualized titanium mesh (3D-PITM) shows good biocompatibility and space-making capacity, which could accurately reconstruct the alveolar bone contour. Thus, 3D-PITM has been gradually applied in the bone augmentation surgery. This paper introduces the application and research progress of 3D-PITM used for complex bone augmentation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Observation of the effect of lidocaine spray on inhibiting pharyngeal reflex in oral implant patients Zhuang Jiuru, Zhang Xueqin, Jiang Qiuhui, Xu Mengting, Liu Chunrui, Zhao Zhijuan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (3): 174-177.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.06.006 Abstract （422）      PDF （1161KB）（512）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To observe the effect of lidocaine spray on inhibiting pharyngeal reflex in patients with oral implantation. Methods 90 patients with pharyngeal reflex sensitivity who received dental implantation treatment were included in this study. These patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group (n = 45/group). In the observation group, 1.5% lidocaine injection was sprayed on the base of tongue, soft palate and pharynx. In the control group, 2% lidocaine mucilage was applied on the base of tongue. The number of nausea and vomiting, hypertension and satisfaction evaluation was recorded. Results There were significantly differences in the incidences of nausea and vomiting, hypertension and satisfaction evaluation between the two groups ( P<0.05). Conclusions Lidocaine spray can reduce nausea, vomiting and hypertension on patients with pharyngeal reflex sensitivity and improve the comfort level during dental implantation treatment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A case of teeth extraction and immediate implants with the application of ridge splitting technique in anterior mandibular alveolar ridge Shi Wen, Wang Miaozhen, Liu Feng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (6): 340-345.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.12.003 Abstract （419）      PDF （1500KB）（553）       Knowledge map    Save In the anterior mandibular aesthetic area, there is usually sufficient bone in the vertical direction and insufficient bone in the buccolingual and horizontal direction. In this paper, we present a case of a patient with multiple mandibular incisors to be extracted due to chronic periodontitis, in which the ridge splitting was applied to the anterior mandibular alveolar ridge with teeth extraction and immediate implant placement simultaneously. Teeth extraction, ridge splitting and implant placement were performed at the same time, and the second surgery was performed 6 months after the operation, and temporary restoration and permanent restoration were completed by digital technology 7 and 8 months after the first surgery.Teeth extraction and immediate implant placement with ridge splitting procedure allows the clinician to effectively augment the horizontal bone, improve implant success rate, reduce the number of operations and avoid a second operative area. The simultaneous application of ridge splitting technique with tooth extraction and implant placement with proper indications and operation details may have certain advantages over other implant options. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration and consideration on clinical solutions for complex alveolar bone defects Li Jinmeng, Li Xiaoban, Zhang Jian Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (5): 285-291.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.10.005 Abstract （417）      PDF （1566KB）（897）       Knowledge map    Save Surgeons and patients find it challenging to reconstruct the complex alveolar bone defects clinically. For complex alveolar bone defects, surgeons are responsible for making the most appropriate surgical plan, which requires them to fully understand the indications and technical key points of the existing bone augmentation techniques, and then choose an appropriate method to complete the alveolar bone defect reconstruction and the following implant placement. Based on clinical experience and literature review, the author summarizes the classification of alveolar bone defects, and focuses on the most commonly used bone augmentation techniques during clinical practice, such as Onlay bone grafting, split bone block technique, sausage technique, GBR technique with non-resorbable membrane, and GBR technique using titanium mesh. This article aims to provide a reference for the reconstruction of complex alveolar bone defects for dental implant specialists. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of three-dimensional printed digital customized titanium mesh in guided bone regeneration for alveolar bone reconstruction Wang Tingting, Wang Feng, Wu Yiqun Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2022, 27 (4): 208-216.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.08.003 Abstract （417）      PDF （1445KB）（830）       Knowledge map    Save Severe alveolar bone defects seriously affect dental implant placement and its long-term performance. Guided bone regeneration（GBR）as a reliable technique is able to achieve predictable bone augmentation. Three-dimensional printed digital customized titanium mesh is a new technique to obtain alveolar bone augmentation.For patients with severe alveolar bone defects, the preoperative examination is performed, the information of alveolar and dentition is obtained by radiographic examination and oral scan or model scan respectively,then the implants position is placed according to the principle of prosthetic-driven implant placement. The extent of bone augmentation and the shape of customized titanium mesh are designed with software, and then the digital customized titanium mesh is manufactured with 3D printing technology. The application of customized titanium mesh is conducive to reconstruct the three-dimensional shape of alveolar ridge precisely,and individually. The aim of this article is to summarize pre-opreative evaluation of patients, the key points of the design, clinical application and precautions of customized titanium mesh, in order to further promote its wide and safe application in clinical practice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Digital data acquisition technology in oral implantology Xiong Jiabi, Sun Wei, Shi Bin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (2): 114-119.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.04.007 Abstract （414）      PDF （1138KB）（564）       Knowledge map    Save With the rapid development of digital technology, diagnosis and treatment methods of the clinicians have been changed by these digital technologies in the field of dental implant. In particular, data acquisition technology, such as CBCT, digital intraoral scan, extraoral scan, facial scan, virtual facebow technique, are gradually popularized in medical institutions with its high precision, high efficiency, convenient transmission and low pollution. Recently, it has become one of the focuses to build "virtual patient" using various digital data to solve complex cases such as edentulous patients in implant dentistry. This paper summarized the characteristics and clinical application of digital data acquisition technology in the process of dental implant treatment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A concept of biological - driven implant therapy ——The inevitable trend of this paradigm shift in prevention of periimplantitis Li Dehua Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2021, 26 (2): 79-84.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.04.001 Abstract （412）      PDF （1101KB）（645）       Knowledge map    Save Implant therapy has been developed as a routine modality for restoration of tooth missing with high predictability of treatment outcomes in a short or long run, based on rapid advancement of technology and innovation of treatment concepts. Contemporarily, restoration-driven implant placement is the fundamental principle, which has played an essential role in the progress of implant dentistry. Nonetheless, implants are artificial entities completely different from the natural teeth, especially with respect to the biological characteristics of implant-tissue interactions. The paradigm of implant treatment, thereby, should take these specific biological patterns of implant interface into consideration, not only satisfying the requirements of spatial positions of implants. This is the reason behind the necessity to propose the concept of biological-driven implant therapy. Starting from the predominant hypothesis of biofilm-induced periimplantitis, this article will comprehensively review the diversity of factors revealed that might induce or increase the risk of periimplantitis, including bacterial or non-bacterial factors, and elucidate thereafter the logical trend for the paradigm shift from restorative-driven to biological-driven implant therapy. The fundamental definition of biological-driven concept will be clarified and periimplantitis-related factors be discussed, eliciting a novel strategy for clinical prevention of periimplantitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics