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Influence factors of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation Zhao Yang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 289-294.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.016 Abstract （2892）      PDF （1348KB）（2542）       Knowledge map    Save Maxillary sinus floor elevation is a common surgical method to solve the problem of insufficient bone mass in the posterior maxillary region. Based on the special background of maxillary sinus bone augmentation, we explore the principles of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation results from the mechanism of osteogenesis, which can be considered from four aspects: bone contact area, angiogenesis, stability of space, and safe healing. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical outcomes of 3D printing individualized titanium mesh for severe alveolar bone defects: a retrospective series Xiong Zhenjie, Wei Yongxiang, Liu Qian, Chen Yaxin, Guo Xueqi, Ji Ruotong, Su Hanfu, Zou Yaokun, Wang Liping Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2025, 30 (1): 27-34.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.02.006 Abstract （1652）      PDF （1959KB）（663）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze the clinical outcomes and accuracy of 3D printing individualized titanium mesh (3D-PITM) in the treatment of severe alveolar bone defects. Methods This study involved 30 patients who underwent 3D-PITM supported guided bone regeneration (3D-PITMs GBR) at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University starting in February 2020. All patients signed informed consent and underwent surgery followed by regular postoperative follow-up. Individualized titanium meshes were fabricated using 3D printing technology, with preoperative virtual design and planning. Patients were followed for 6 to 8 months postoperatively, and clinical outcomes, as well as two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) imaging data, were collected and analyzed. Results Among the 30 patients, 4 experienced titanium mesh exposure, yielding an incidence rate of 13.33% (95% CI: 4.30%~22.36%). However, none of the patients experienced postoperative infections. During the 6-to 8-month follow-up period, implant sites achieved satisfactory bone augmentation in both horizontal and vertical dimensions. Imaging measurements revealed significant increases in alveolar bone width and height at 6 to 8 months postoperatively compared to preoperative values (P<0.05). Postoperative bone augmentation volume also demonstrated significant improvement (P<0.05). Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences in alveolar bone changes between preoperative virtual planning and postoperative measurements (immediate and at 6 to 8 months) , indicating that 3D-PITM provides predictable bone augmentation outcomes. Conclusion 3D printing individualized titanium mesh effectively supports bone regeneration, achieves a high degree of matching with the defect site, and ensures the stability and effectiveness of newly formed bone. The 3D-PITM technique demonstrates high precision in restoring severe alveolar bone defects. Although complications such as titanium mesh exposure may occur, appropriate management can prevent the adverse impact on subsequent restoration outcomes. 3D-PITM is clinically valuable for restoring complex alveolar bone defects, providing reliable postoperative predictions and optimizing surgical planning. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of a new Tent-Peg technique in the reconstruction of severe alveolar bone defects Wang Mohan, Hu Yinghan, Wu Jing, Zou Duohong Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 459-466.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.011 Abstract （1528）      PDF （1768KB）（1966）       Knowledge map    Save Adequate bone volume is crucial for the successful placement and long-term stability of dental implants. Therefore, the reconstruction of severe alveolar bone defects hold significant clinical importance. With the development of guided bone regeneration (GBR) techniques, various GBR approaches have been applied in clinical practice to address alveolar bone defects. Based on the concept of "stability-centered" alveolar bone reconstruction, we developed a series of Tent-Peg medical products and established a new Tent-Peg technique. This technique enables the reconstruction of severe alveolar bone defects without the need for autologous bone, providing a novel solution for both the functional and aesthetic reconstruction of such defects. This innovative method has been successfully validated in clinical practice, and its appeal lies in its "three lows" (low technical sensitivity, low failure rate, and low cost) and "three easies" (easy to operate, promote, and popularize). To enhance clinicians' understanding of this innovative technique, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the Tent-Peg medical product series and highlights the advantages of the new Tent-Peg technique, supported by clinical case demonstrations. This overview aims to promote the standardized application of this technique in clinical practice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Implant treatment for patients with congenital tooth agenesis Wu Yiqun, Wang Feng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 204-211.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.003 Abstract （1520）      PDF （2552KB）（925）       Knowledge map    Save Congenital tooth agenesis primarily manifests as an insufficient number of teeth, hypoplasia of the maxillary and mandibular alveolar processes, and maxillofacial dysplasia, all of which can result in oral or systemic dysfunction. Congenital tooth agenesis is harmful, and its treatment is challenging. Dental implants are an ideal option to restore missing teeth in these patients due to their good stability and comfort. This article aims to analyze the challenges associated with dental implants in the treatment of congenital tooth agenesis and propose strategies for the reconstruction of oral function in patients with congenital tooth agenesis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical and histologic evaluation of autogenous dentin blocks for alveolar ridge augmentation Gao Ming, Niu Lixuan, Zhu Yibo Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 435-439.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.007 Abstract （1366）      PDF （1765KB）（784）       Knowledge map    Save Severe bone defects in the alveolar ridge of edentulous areas pose significant challenges for prosthetically-driven implant placement. Although there are currently several reliable techniques for alveolar ridge augmentation, they present certain limitations, such as high technical sensitivity, significant trauma, prolonged treatment periods, and high costs. The patient in this case presented with multiple missing teeth in both the upper and lower jaws, with a severe horizontal bone defect in the left lower posterior area. Autogenous dentin block augmentation was performed using her wisdom tooth. Two and a half years postoperatively, satisfactory alveolar bone width was achieved, allowing for the placement of a 5 mm diameter implant in dense alveolar bone with good primary stability. Intraoperative histological analysis of tissue specimens showed no abnormalities. One year after the final restoration, marginal bone stability was maintained. In this case, the application of autogenous dentin blocks for alveolar ridge augmentation effectively reconstructed the width of the alveolar ridge, with stable clinical outcomes observed nearly 4 years postoperatively. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of osteoporosis on dental implantation and related clinical considerations Qiu Yun, Wang Yulan, Zhang Yufeng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 336-341.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.007 Abstract （1151）      PDF （1397KB）（1223）       Knowledge map    Save With the development of dental technology, dental implants are gradually becoming the primary choice for restoring missing teeth. The quality and quantity of the alveolar bone are key to the success of implant surgery and the long-term retention of the implants. Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and a reduction in bone density, affecting bones throughout the body, including the alveolar bone. Therefore, its characteristic oral manifestations can be indicative of an early diagnosis of osteoporosis. At the same time, the changes in bone density and bone structure in osteoporosis patients necessitate awareness of the treatment risks during implantation and modification of the treatment plan to improve the success rate of implant treatment. This article reviews the oral manifestations of osteoporosis, the risks of implant treatment, and the consideration for implant treatment through a literature review. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw Gao Tingting, Bao Yongjie, Lv Xiaoyan, Chen Xian, Liu Yang, Xu Yilei, Lu Huanyou Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 492-497.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.016 Abstract （1091）      PDF （1310KB）（2244）       Knowledge map    Save Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) may be induced during the treatment of oral diseases in patients receiving anti-resorptive drugs such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, as well as angiogenesis inhibitors. However, the exact mechanism of MRONJ remains unclear, and although numerous studies have established clinical treatment databases, definitive treatment strategies have yet to be developed. Through a review of the literature, this study discusses the definition, etiology, staging, risk factors, treatment and prevention of MRONJ, providing a reference for clinical practice in oral healthcare. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cyst or cyst-like lesions Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 195-201.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.001 Abstract （1049）      PDF （1090KB）（1389）       Knowledge map    Save Sinus floor elevation is a predictable rehabilitation method commonly used to address bone deficiency in the maxillary posterior area. However, the presence of maxillary sinus cysts often presents a challenge for sinus floor elevation. At present, there is still a lack of guidelines or consensus on sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cyst. The purpose of this consensus is to provide clinicians with practical and feasible measures for sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cysts. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A 5-year clinical observation on the application of non-resorbable membranes for bone augmentation in the aesthetic zone Wan Peng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 445-452.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.009 Abstract （1028）      PDF （2199KB）（630）       Knowledge map    Save This case report describes the use of guided bone regeneration (GBR) combined with soft tissue augmentation for implant restoration in an extended edentulous space in the esthetic zone, employing heterogeneous bone and dense polytetrafluoroethylene (dPTFE) membranes with double-layered coverage using a pig-derived non-crosslinked collagen membrane (Bio-Gide). The patient presented with multiple teeth missing in the maxillary anterior region due to trauma sustained at a young age, accompanied by severe horizontal bone loss and slight vertical bone loss. Clinical treatment involved the simultaneous guided placement of implants with GBR using deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), dPTFE, and Bio-Gide membranes. After 6 months, soft tissue augmentation was performed in two stages: first using the tunneling technique with allogeneic de-epithelialized dermal matrix (AlloDerm), followed by a modified tunneling technique using a connective tissue graft (CTG). Gingival shaping was achieved with temporary restorations, followed by final aesthetic restoration to restore function and appearance. A 5-year clinical follow-up demonstrated that GBR with DBBM, dPTFE, and Bio-Gide achieved ideal bone volume gain, while AlloDerm/CTG with the tunneling technique produced satisfactory soft tissue augmentation, contributing to excellent aesthetic outcomes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and research progress of digital technology in bone augmentation for dental implants Chen Jiang, Qiu Yubei Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 252-257.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.010 Abstract （1023）      PDF （1333KB）（1590）       Knowledge map    Save Insufficient alveolar bone mass at the implant site is an important factor affecting the outcome of dental implants. Bone augmentation is an effective strategy to solve this problem. The application of digital technology provides a new approach for bone augmentation in oral implantology. This article presents the application and research progress of digital technology in bone augmentation for dental implants. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A case of digitally assisted immediate implant placement through impacted teeth in the aesthetic area Zhao Ning, Li Xiaojie, Kou Ni, Ma Guowu Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 266-271.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.012 Abstract （1022）      PDF （2405KB）（1707）       Knowledge map    Save This paper presents a case of digitally assisted immediate implantation through impacted teeth in the aesthetic area. The patient had a root fracture caused by an upper anterior teeth trauma. One impacted canine and two impacted supernumerary teeth were found in the bone on the root side of the affected teeth. During treatment, under the guidance of the digital surgical guide plate and assistance by Er : YAG laser, immediate implantation through the impacted teeth was achieved. At the same time, autologous bone grafting material and platelet-rich fibrin were mixed for bone grafting at the two implant sites. Provisional and permanent restorations were completed with digital technology at 5 months and 8 months after the first stage of surgery, respectively. Postoperative CBCT showed that the implants penetrated through the crown, apical cementum, dentin, and pulp of the impacted teeth. No pain or other complications were found during the follow-up visit. There were no clinical symptoms at the 18-month follow-up visit. CBCT images showed that the bone density around the implants had increased and the lamina dura had formed. In this case, immediate implantation through the impacted teeth in the aesthetic area was realized with the digital assistance, providing a new clinical idea for the selection of treatment options for impacted teeth and increased clinical data for other healing forms of implants besides osseointegration. However, the clinical effect of this kind of operation still needs long-term follow-up observation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on metal-organic frameworks in dental medicine Li Jian, Liang Ye, Zhao Baodong Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (6): 602-609.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.12.025 Abstract （1000）      PDF （1601KB）（3529）       Knowledge map    Save Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are nanoporous materials synthesized through the self-assembly of metal nodes and organic ligands. They are characterized by their highly ordered porosity, tunable pore size, large specific surface area, and diverse structures. With the advancements and applications of MOFs in the biomedical field, an increasing number of researchers have introduced MOFs into dental medicine for research. New MOFs have been tailored or developed based on the characteristics of the oral environment and diseases for use in oral disease treatment. The most commonly used MOFs in dentistry primarily include zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67). The structure and function of MOFs are suitable for treating oral diseases, and they have shown promising results in researches related to periodontal disease, oral and maxillofacial tumors, dental pulp disease, and dental implants. However, their effectiveness still requires further validation through clinical trials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risks and countermeasures of dental implant treatment in osteoporosis patients Liu Zhonghao, Dong Kai Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 303-310.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.003 Abstract （938）      PDF （1557KB）（1044）       Knowledge map    Save Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disease with the main characteristic of reduction of bone density and low bone mass. With the increasing age of the population, the incidence of OP increases year by year. Replacement of missing teeth with dental implants is one of the most common treatment options with a high success rate. However, in patients with OP, deterioration of bone tissue may lead to an increased risk of implant failure. Although OP is not a contraindication for implant therapy, clinicians should still pay great attention to associated risk factors. This article discusses the alveolar bone modeling and remodeling, the success rates of dental implants, the influence of anti-osteoporosis drugs, and the strategy of dental implant treatment in OP patients for clinical reference. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the osteogenic and antimicrobial properties of PEEK modified with a Ce-Ag-ZnO composite coating using PEI as a carrier Dai Yating, Han Zekui, Ru Xiaona, Lyu Yuguang, Li Bing, Gao Shijun Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2025, 30 (1): 54-61.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.02.010 Abstract （931）      PDF （2285KB）（897）       Knowledge map    Save Objective This study aimed to utilize polyetherimide (PEI) as a carrier to coat a Ce-Ag-ZnO composite layer, enhancing the osteogenic and antibacterial properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Methods Ce-Ag-ZnO composite powder was dissolved in a PEI solution and applied to PEEK via spin coating to form a uniform and stable coating. Three groups were established: the blank group (PEEK), the control group (PEEK+PEI), and the experimental group (PEEK+PEI+composite powder). The surface morphology, hydrophilicity, phase composition, element release, and coating adhesion were analyzed. The osteogenic potential of the samples was assessed using CCK-8, live/dead cell staining, cytoskeletal staining, ALP activity quantification, alizarin red staining, and quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The antibacterial efficacy was evaluated through bacterial colony counting. Results The Ce-Ag-ZnO composite powder was successfully coated onto the PEEK surface with a uniform distribution, allowing for controlled release. The experimental group exhibited significantly enhanced hydrophilicity (P<0.001). On the 7th day, the experimental group showed superior MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation (P<0.001), with well-spread pseudopodia and clear adhesion. Alizarin red staining demonstrated pronounced mineralization. The modified PEEK significantly upregulated ALP activity (P<0.001) and the expression of osteogenic genes, including Runx2, BMP-2, OPN, and OCN (P<0.001). The experimental group also exhibited the lowest bacterial adherence (P<0.001). Conclusion The composite coating on the PEEK surface enhanced its biocompatibility, osteogenic potential, and antibacterial properties, thereby optimizing the surface performance of PEEK implants. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on digital methods for recording and transferring maxillomandibular relationship Man Yi, Lan Dongping Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 212-217.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.004 Abstract （872）      PDF （768KB）（1261）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, the advancing development of digital dental technology has heralded a new era in full-arch implant restoration. A crucial element for successful complete denture is the accurate recording and transfer of the maxillomandibular relationship. Compared to traditional methods, digital technology has the potential to shorten the treatment cycle and improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment. This article elaborates on the application and advances of digital technology in recording and transferring the maxillomandibular relationship in edentulous patients. The opportunities and challenges presented by the digitization of dental technology to clinicians will be discussed, with the aim of providing them with a valuable reference. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent progress in bone regenerative materials for implant dentistry Li Xin, Liu Kaizheng, Wu Shiyu, Liu Yuanxiang, Huang Baoxin, Qiao Wei, Pan Haobo, Chen Zhuofan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 371-377.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.013 Abstract （872）      PDF （1414KB）（1598）       Knowledge map    Save There has been an increasing number of cases involving bone regeneration in oral clinical treatments, and the requirements for related biomaterials are simultaneously getting higher. This review aims to summarize the research status of bone regeneration materials in the field of implant dentistry. First, specific characteristics of oral bone regeneration applications are introduced. Next, the biochemical and physical properties that affect the performance of materials are discussed, followed by some of the key issues in the field. Finally, an outlook on future research directions is provided to promote the development of next-generation oral bone regeneration materials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on peri-implant soft tissue augmentation materials Chen Jiaxin, Gu Xinhua Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 284-288.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.015 Abstract （814）      PDF （1341KB）（1165）       Knowledge map    Save With the increasing maturity of dental implant technology, the aesthetic effects of dental implants and long-term health of surrounding tissues in implant restorations are of growing concern. Due to the decrease in the amount of soft and hard tissue around the missing tooth area, dental defects often fail to meet the requirements for implant restoration. Therefore, the augmentation of soft and hard tissue around the implant is a key step in dental implantation. The purpose of this paper is to introduce common peri-implant soft tissue augmentation materials and provide references to solving the problem of peri-implant soft tissue insufficiency. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Innovations in minimally invasive techniques for external maxillary sinus floor elevation Zhu Liqin, Wang Huiming Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (6): 519-523.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.12.009 Abstract （808）      PDF （2179KB）（661）       Knowledge map    Save The modified lateral window technique for sinus floor elevation using a mini-window is a minimally invasive approach derived from the traditional lateral window technique. This method reduces surgical trauma and enhances new bone formation in the maxillary sinus. Moreover, with the assistance of endoscopy, the surgical field in minimally invasive procedures can be improved, enabling timely detection and management of complications such as mucosal perforation. This article, drawing from evidence-based medicine and clinical cases, explains the mechanisms through which this modified technique promotes new bone formation in the maxillary sinus. It also highlights its clinical benefits, including reduced intraoperative and postoperative discomfort, such as pain, bleeding, and swelling. Furthermore, the article explores the methods and advantages of endoscopic assistance in sinus floor elevation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Alveolar ridge preservation in inflammatory extraction sites and implant surgery Shao Zhiwen, Zhu Hanjiu, Song Yingliang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 453-458.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.010 Abstract （806）      PDF （1390KB）（1248）       Knowledge map    Save Alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction can reduce or even prevent alveolar bone resorption and soft tissue collapse during the healing process. This helps avoid complex soft and hard tissue augmentation procedures and provides good soft and hard tissue conditions for implant surgery. While conventional alveolar ridge preservation techniques have been widely applied and have shown predictable outcomes, there is still no standardized protocol for alveolar ridge preservation in cases where teeth are extracted due to periodontitis or periapical inflammation. To improve the success rate of alveolar ridge preservation in these inflammatory extraction sites, it is necessary to understand the various influencing factors of alveolar ridge preservation. This review discusses the indications for alveolar ridge preservation in inflammatory extraction sites, the impact of inflammation on alveolar ridge preservation, the key steps of this technique, and the timing of implant placement. It also shares experiences and techniques to optimize treatment outcomes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in research on genes associated with tooth agenesis Zhang Han, Sun Yao Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 218-223.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.005 Abstract （791）      PDF （1372KB）（994）       Knowledge map    Save Tooth agenesis, a prevalent oral disease, remains partially elusive in terms of its underlying pathogenic mechanism. Recent breakthroughs have elucidated a series of pathogenic genes associated with this condition, whose encoded proteins play key roles in regulating and guiding normal tooth germ development through essential signaling pathways. This review focuses on genes related to congenital tooth agenesis and their involvement in the signaling pathways of tooth developrnet. As research progreses, especialy through the use of model animal, insights into the pathogenic processes of this developmental anomaly may lead to effective strategies for treating congenital tooth agenesis by modulating the function of these genes or repairing defects in signal transmission.Moreover, this article also discusses the clinical characteristics of congenital tooth agenesis-causing genes observed in human patients and explores the potential link between these genes and the occurrence of tumors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of diabetes on the soft tissue seal surrounding dental implants Wang Qian, Yuan Quan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 347-351.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.009 Abstract （779）      PDF （1377KB）（1211）       Knowledge map    Save The soft tissue seal around the dental implants is recognized as a primary mucosal barrier against external stimuli and is critical for maintaining implant stability. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor for peri-implantitis. Persistent hyperglycemia can impair the barrier function of peri-implant soft tissues, leading to peri-implant diseases. Moreover, increased pathogenic bacterial infections, excessive inflammatory cytokine activity, and impaired wound healing in diabetic conditions may result in poor soft tissue sealing around implants. This review outlines the structure of peri-implant soft tissue sealing, explores the factors contributing to impaired soft tissue sealing in diabetes, and summarizes methods to improve the mucosal barrier in diabetic patients, providing guidance for implant treatment strategies in diabetic patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Causes, prevention and treatment of titanium mesh exposure after 3D printing individualized titanium mesh supported guided bone regeneration Su Yucheng, Ren Bin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2025, 30 (1): 5-12.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.02.003 Abstract （765）      PDF （1665KB）（1070）       Knowledge map    Save 3D printing individualized titanium mesh serves as a space maintenance device, effectively creating and maintaining osteogenic space, reducing intraoperative time and the difficulty of surgery. It is a reliable bone augmentation solution for various types of alveolar ridge bone defects. However, during clinical application, postoperative titanium mesh exposure is the most common complication and requires clinicians' attention. This article elaborates on the causes, prevention, and treatment of postoperative titanium mesh exposure in guided bone regeneration supported by 3D-PITM, with the aim of providing clinical reference. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biological complications of butt-joint dental implants: a retrospective case analysis Chen Zhenqi, Yan Qi, Chen Yan, Shi Bin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 352-357.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.010 Abstract （757）      PDF （1580KB）（1041）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To retrospectively analyze cases of biological complications of the butt-joint dental implant system (Zimmer, America) and explore relevant risk factors. Methods Cases of biological complications occurring with butt-joint implant systems (Zimmer) at the Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University from 2012 to 2022 were analyzed. Results A total of 65 implants were identified to have biological complications, with 1 624 implants being reviewed overall. Six implants developed peri-implantitis, while 59 implants developed peri-implant mucositis. The average patient age was (56.20±11.46) years, and the mean loading time was (4.06±2.36) years. Conclusion The maxillary and molar regions are common sites for biological complications associated with butt-joint dental implants. Special attention should be paid to the occlusal design of distal free-end implant restorations to avoid the adverse effects of occlusal overload. Although the "cold welding" effect is advantageous in reducing the impact of microleakage, it increases the risk of mechanical complications. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances in treatment of tooth agenesis Geng Chenxin, Liu Yang, Han Dong Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 224-230.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.006 Abstract （741）      PDF （1368KB）（2842）       Knowledge map    Save Tooth agenesis is the most common dental developmental anomaly in humans, which can cause significant chewing, pronunciation, aesthetic and craniofacial development problems. Due to the unique characteristics of tooth agenesis, its treatment is very time-consuming and costly, imposing huge economic burdens and mental stress on patients. The treatments include a sequential therapeutic strategy with a multidisciplinary team of pediatric dentistry, prosthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, oral implantology, and other backgrounds, as well as emerging methods such as targeted molecular therapy and tissue engineering. This review provides an update on the knowledge on the characteristics of tooth agenesis, traditional treatments, and the rising fields of molecular therapy and tissue engineering. We also discuss the treatment effects of each method, aiming to provide a reference for the treatment of tooth agenesis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status and prospects of lateral window technique for sinus floor elevation Gao Shaojingya, Cai Xiaoxiao Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (6): 549-554.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.12.014 Abstract （738）      PDF （1895KB）（741）       Knowledge map    Save This study provides a comprehensive review of the development, technological advancements, and both the current and future trends of the lateral window technique for sinus floor elevation in clinical applications. lateral window technique for sinus floor elevation is a surgical procedure performed in cases of insufficient alveolar bone height in the posterior maxillary region by elevating the Schneiderian membrane via a lateral window and filling it with bone substitute materials to support dental implants. Although this technique provides excellent surgical visibility and operational flexibility, it is associated with considerable trauma and potential complications. Advances in minimally invasive techniques and the application of digital technologies have significantly improved the precision and safety of lateral window technique for sinus floor elevation procedures. This study also discusses the challenges and solutions for simultaneous implantation in cases of low residual bone height. Finally, the article points out that despite the obvious advantages of the lateral window technique for sinus floor elevation, careful handling of technical details is required in practical operations to ensure high success rates and surgical safety. Future studies need more clinical data to further verify the impact of different technical parameters on surgical outcomes, in order to provide both scientific guidance and valuable reference for clinical practice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical retrospective study of bone ring technique for 3-dimensional bone augmentation in implant restoration Chen Gang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 429-434.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.006 Abstract （732）      PDF （1750KB）（1173）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To evaluate the efficacy and key points of the bone ring technique for three-dimensional bone augmentation with simultaneous implant placement in cases of single-tooth loss with bone defects. Methods A retrospective review of cases from August 2010 to February 2023 at the Department of Dentistry, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, and U-dental Clinic in Shenzhen, where patients with single-tooth vertical bone defects were treated using the autogenous bone ring technique with simultaneous implant placement. Second-stage surgeries were performed 6 months postoperatively for final restorations. Complications, bone augmentation outcomes, implant failures, and postoperative bone resorption were assessed through clinical and radiographic evaluations. Results 167 teeth were treated with the bone ring technique. 2 implants failed before restoration, and 4 bone rings failed during the healing period. No further implant failures were observed after restoration. Of the 36 patients with complete CBCT data, the average vertical bone gain was (4.52±0.81) mm. Average vertical bone resorption was (0.25±0.11) mm at 6 months post-surgery and (0.52±0.23) mm at 1 year after final restoration. Conclusion The bone ring technique, when applied to cases with sufficient basal bone and vertical bone defects, is an effective method for achieving vertical bone augmentation with simultaneous implant placement. It demonstrates a high implant success rate and low complication rate. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Management of vertical bone deficiency in the posterior mandibular region Qiu Lixin, Niu Lixuan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 400-406.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.002 Abstract （724）      PDF （1444KB）（1748）       Knowledge map    Save Vertical bone augmentation in the posterior mandibular region is technically demanding and prone to frequent complications. There is no consensus, either domestically or internationally, on the optimal technique. Furthermore, there is a lack of large-scale, high-quality clinical studies on the long-term outcomes of vertical bone augmentation followed by implant-supported restorations. This article provides a systematic review of complications and long-term outcomes of various vertical bone augmentation techniques, drawing on the authors' clinical expertise to provide information on decision-making. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of clinical outcomes between immediate implantation and delayed implantation following alveolar ridge preservation for single-tooth loss in the aesthetic zone Ren Shuaiji, Du Jingbing Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (6): 561-567.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.12.016 Abstract （704）      PDF （1647KB）（574）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the short-term clinical outcomes of immediate implantation and delayed implantation following alveolar ridge preservation for single-tooth loss in the aesthetic zone. Methods A total of 90 patients with single-tooth loss in the aesthetic zone requiring implant restoration were selected from January 2021 to September 2022 at the Implant Department of Zhengzhou Zhide Stomatology Hospital. Based on the use of alveolar ridge preservation and timing of implantation, the patients were divided into two groups: the immediate implantation group (n=45) and the alveolar ridge preservation group (n=45). The immediate implantation group underwent the immediate implant placement and restoration, while the alveolar ridge preservation group received delayed implantation after ridge preservation, followed by immediate restoration. Alveolar bone-related parameters, inflammatory markers[C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)], aesthetic outcomes[pink esthetic score (PES) and white esthetic score (WES)], and patient satisfaction were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results After 6 months of implant restoration, both groups showed reductions in alveolar bone height, width, and density compared to baseline (P<0.05); however, the immediate implantation group exhibited higher values than the alveolar ridge preservation group (P<0.05). One month post-restoration, CRP and TNF-α levels increased in both groups compared to baseline (P<0.05), but levels in the immediate implantation group were significantly lower than in the alveolar ridge preservation group (P<0.05). After 6 months of permanent restoration, the immediate implantation group demonstrated superior outcomes in lip-side gingival contour, gingival height, soft tissue color, texture, and PES total scores compared to the alveolar ridge preservation group (P<0.05). Similarly, crown profile, surface texture scores, and WES scores were higher in the immediate implantation group (P<0.05). Patient satisfaction regarding gingival attachment height, aesthetics, and masticatory function was also higher in the immediate implantation group (P<0.05). Conclusion Both immediate implantation and delayed implantation following alveolar ridge preservation are effective for treating single-tooth loss in the aesthetic zone. However, immediate implantation demonstrates greater advantages in improving alveolar bone quality, oral aesthetics, inflammation responses, and patient satisfaction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of digital guides in full-arch immediate implantation of patients with periodontitis Yang Aifen, Zhou Liwei Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (6): 585-589.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.12.022 Abstract （676）      PDF （1649KB）（735）       Knowledge map    Save Implant-supported full-arch fixed restorations have become an important treatment for potentially edentulous jaws with severe periodontitis. The advent of immediate implantation has dramatically shortened the treatment period of patients, and digital guides allow for precise, efficient and minimally invasive immediate implant surgery. However, there are few clinical reports on full-arch immediate implantation using digital guides in patients with severe periodontitis. In this review, the application of different digital guides in full-arch immediate implant placement for patients with severe periodontitis is discussed and summarized. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical considerations of organ transplant patients receiving implant therapy Tang Yiman, Qiu Lixin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 297-302.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.002 Abstract （662）      PDF （1481KB）（977）       Knowledge map    Save Organ transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage organ disease. Based on the increase in life expectancy, the demand for restoration of missing teeth in organ transplant patients has gradually increased. Dental implants have become the preferred treatment of choice for restoring missing teeth. Although dental implants have high success rates in healthy adults, the risk of implant therapy is correspondingly increased in organ transplant patients with previous systemic diseases and immunosuppressive therapy. In this article, we describe the particularity and success of oral implant therapy in organ transplant patients, and further discuss how to conduct a comprehensive assessment when performing implant therapy in organ transplant patients. Besides, we also discuss how to develop an individualized treatment plan to prevent possible risks and complications, in order to provide clinical references for the implementation of safe and effective implant therapy for organ transplant patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Perioperative risk assessment and management of oral implant restoration in ASA Ⅲ cardiovascular disease patients Zhang Yanting, Wang Wei, Chen Li, Zhao Wen, Zhou Wei Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 328-335.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.006 Abstract （651）      PDF （1715KB）（1039）       Knowledge map    Save With the widespread adoption of implant technology, ensuring the safe implementation of implant surgery for patients with complex systemic diseases has become a challenge that implant dentists must confront. Based on the patient's physical condition, the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classifies the perioperative risk. Patients at ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ have an extremely low risk of surgery, while those at ASA Ⅳ and above have a very high risk and are not suitable for surgery. How to assess perioperative risks, perform implant surgery, and reduce serious perioperative complications for ASAⅢ patients is a question that more and more implant doctors are focusing on. This article aims to start with the most common clinical patients with cardiovascular diseases at ASAⅢ, exploring the risk assessment, prevention, complication management of oral implant surgery for such patients, providing a reference for the safe implant restoration for this category of patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Simultaneous management of maxillary sinus cysts during sinus floor elevation Bao Yuejie, Zhan Pingping, Lin Zhihao, He Gang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (6): 543-548.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.12.013 Abstract （641）      PDF （2026KB）（1876）       Knowledge map    Save This article introduces a surgical approach for the simultaneous management of maxillary sinus cysts and sinus floor elevation using the double-window technique. The first lateral window is created to elevate the Schneiderian membrane and establish space for bone augmentation. Once the membrane is fully elevated and remains intact, a second small lateral window is created above the first to remove the cyst. The two windows are separated to prevent contamination of the graft material by the cystic contents. Additionally, a conservative surgical approach for the palliative treatment of sinus cysts is presented. Three representative cases are described to demonstrate specific techniques and surgical methods. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress and clinical application of dental implant macro-design Cai Wenyu, Ma Junchi, Zhao Wenbo, Wang Yiming, Zhou Libo Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2025, 30 (2): 180-186.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.04.013 Abstract （629）      PDF （1295KB）（1847）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, the design of implant configurations has been continuously optimized, playing a key role in improving initial stability and promoting osseointegration, which are key factors for achieving long-term functional stability of implants. However, there is still no unified consensus on the optimal implant configuration. This article explores various aspects of implant design, including the neck structure, thread pattern, overall shape, apex features, diameter, and length, with different bone qualities and clinical conditions, such as immediate and delayed implantation, as well as anterior and posterior implantation sites. By summarizing the most favorable implant configurations identified in current research, this review aims to provide a reference for clinical applications. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Strategies for the use of photothermal therapy in peri-implant diseases Gong Jing, Bo Meng, Fang Jiao, Wang Lin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 391-397.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.016 Abstract （620）      PDF （1396KB）（895）       Knowledge map    Save Photothermal therapy (PTT), as an emerging non-invasiveness therapeutic technology, has gradually gained wide attention in the treatment of peri-implant diseases with the convenient clinical operation and easy patient acception. Among them, the near-infrared light-responsive PTT provides a solution for the problems of insufficient intensity and depth in the traditional treatment modality. It also has the advantage of reducing the damage to surrounding tissues and promoting healing. In this paper, the strategies of using PTT in peri-implant diseases are reviewed to provide a reference for its clinical application in such diseases and its further development in the field of oral antimicrobial therapy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A systematic literature review on the implant survival rate for congenitally missing teeth Zhao Yu, Zan Bingxin, Dai Qinggang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 242-251.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.009 Abstract （609）      PDF （1424KB）（1791）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To review the relevant literature from the last decade reporting on the outcomes of congenitally edentulous patients after implant prosthetic restoration, and to synthesize the implant survival rates from different perspectives to provide information for clinical decision-making. Methods A search using the combination ("hypodontia" OR "oligodontia" OR "anodontia" OR "tooth agenesis" OR "congenitally missing teeth") AND "dental implant*" was used in databases such as PubMed, with a time frame from February 2014 to February 2024. The literature was screened according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the bibliographies of the selected research articles were manually searched. Results A total of 34 prospective/retrospective studies and some case reports on implant restorations in congenitally edentulous patients were finally included. It was found that the overall implant survival rate in these patients was high, with an average of 96.53%, depending on individual patient factors and treatment techniques. Congenital edentulism was categorized into simple congenital edentulism and syndromic congenital edentulism, with survival rates of 97.32% and 95.54%, respectively, based on the relationship with systemic diseases. There were slight differences in implant survival rates between different age groups, with 93.82% for patients aged 17 years and younger, and 96.83% for adult patients aged 18 years and older. The maxillary lateral incisors, with a high rate of congenital defects involving the anterior esthetic zone, had an ideal implant survival rate (98.48%). The implant survival rate for congenitally edentulous patients combined with bone augmentation techniques was 96.19%. The survival rates for zygomatic implants and small-diameter implants (or mini-implants) were 98.18% and 97.18%, respectively. Conclusion Implant surgery is a better solution to restoring oral function in congenitally edentulous patients. However, it still needs to be analyzed according to the patient's situation to improve the implant survival rates and the success of implant restoration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk factor analysis and treatment strategies for oral implant restoration in patients with Sjögren syndrome Chen Li, Fang Ming, Zhang Yanting, Zhang Xiaolin, Liu Qing, Zheng Zhaohui, Zhou Wei Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 320-327.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.005 Abstract （601）      PDF （2288KB）（2259）       Knowledge map    Save Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a common disease in oral clinical practice with typical symptoms such as dry mouth and dry eyes, often accompanied by complex systemic symptoms and a long history of medication. With the growing prevalence of dental implant restorations, there has been a corresponding rise in the demand for implantation treatments among individuals with Sjögren Syndrome. However, there is a lack of relevant treatment guidelines for implant restoration in these patients. This article presents a case of an implant-supported fixed complete dental prosthesis in a patient with Sjögren syndrome,summarizes our team's experience in the treatment of implant restoration in these patients, and discusses the risk assessment and treatment strategies for dental implant restorations in patients with Sjögren syndrome. A comprehensive risk assessment before treatment, a reasonable implant restoration plan, and consistent long-term plaque control are essential for the successful outcomes of implant restorations in patients with Sjögren syndrome. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the influence of depression on peri-implant health Zhao Xintong, Meng Weiyan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 342-346.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.008 Abstract （600）      PDF （1376KB）（1276）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, implant-supported prostheses have become an important method for repairing missing teeth. However, the long-term survival rate of implants is affected by various systemic and local factors. Depression is a common mental disease with a high prevalence rate, which affects the healing process of soft and hard tissues after implant surgery. Moreover, depression often leads to oral dysbiosis, which can easily promote the occurrence and development of peri-implantitis and affect the long-term efficacy of implants. Antidepressants, such as SSRIs, also affect osseointegration. This article aims to review the effects of depression on the healing process of soft and hard tissues, bone metabolism, and oral microbiome after implantation, hoping to provide a clinical basis for the risk assessment and treatment strategy of implant treatment for patients with depression. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Oral implantation strategies for patients with ectodermal dysplasia Wang Mingxi, Gao Shan, Wang Long, Zhou Yongmiao, Tang Chunbo Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 231-235.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.007 Abstract （599）      PDF （1508KB）（742）       Knowledge map    Save Ectodermal dysplasia(ED) is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal tissue and structural development of ectodermal origin. Most of the patients have congenital tooth deficiency, alveolar bone dysplasia and other oral manifestations. In clinical practice, removable dentures are often used to replace missing teeth; but due to special anatomical conditions, removable dentures often have problems such as poor retention.In recent years, implant therapy has been used in the treatment of missing teeth in ED patients because of its better functionality and aesthetics. This paper summarizes the choice of the implantation time and implantation plans for ED patients, discusses the difficulties and solutions of implantation therapy, and outlines the application of digital technology in the treatment of ED patients, aiming to provide a reference for implantation therapy in ED patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Therapeutic strategy of staged bone augmentation in the esthetic zone combined with microsurgical apical surgery on adjacent teeth: clinical diagnosis and treatment process and case study Du Aobo, Man Yi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 440-444.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.008 Abstract （588）      PDF （1878KB）（657）       Knowledge map    Save In implant surgery in the esthetic zone of anterior teeth, different degrees of bone augmentation are often necessary to achieve an ideal anterior dental arch contour and soft tissue harmony. However, chronic periapical inflammation of adjacent teeth at the implant site may become a potential source of infection, leading to early failure of bone augmentation or further affecting the root of the implant, potentially resulting in retrograde peri-implantitis. This report presents a typical case involving an anterior dental bone defect with periapical lesions of adjacent teeth. Staged bone augmentation and implant restoration were performed by combining the dentin shell technique with microsurgical apical surgery. This approach avoided the trauma of harvesting autologous bone from a second surgical site during bone augmentation, offering a minimally invasive option for bone defects involving non-functional natural teeth, such as impacted teeth. Additionally, the potential source of infection from adjacent teeth was addressed during implant surgery, ensuring the long-term predictability of the treatment outcome. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A survey of the willingness and influencing factors for dental implants among middle-aged and elderly patients with missing teeth in five cities of Liaoning Chai Haoran, Liu Yi, Wang Zunshuo, Lang Zheyu, Li Chenhui, Zhu Shenghui, Zhang Xuepu, Zhang Yue Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 467-473.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.012 Abstract （571）      PDF （1827KB）（815）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the willingness and influencing factors for dental implants among middle-aged and elderly patients with missing teeth in five cities of Liaoning Province. Methods Using population proportionate sampling (PPS) and a three-stage random sampling method, middle-aged and elderly patients with missing teeth in Shenyang, Fushun, Jinzhou, Panjin, and Chaoyang in Liaoning Province were selected as research subjects for a questionnaire survey. T-tests, analysis of variance, and structural equation modeling were used to explore the factors influencing implant willingness. Results There were statistically significant differences in the expected treatment outcomes of dental implants among patients with different educational levels (P<0.05). Media channels used by patients to learn about implants also varied significantly across different income levels (P<0.05). Significant differences were found in implant willingness, expected treatment outcomes, media channels, price barriers, and perceived risks between urban and rural patients (P<0.05). Urban patients had higher scores for implant willingness (3.37), expected treatment outcomes (3.76), and media channels (3.52) compared to rural patients (2.91, 3.35, 3.12, respectively), while rural patients had higher scores for price barriers (2.94) and perceived risks (3.01) compared to urban patients (2.71 and 2.67, respectively). Structural equation modeling revealed that expected treatment outcomes (β=0.185) and media channels (β=0.277) had a significant positive impact on implant willingness, while price barriers (β=-0.212), perceived risks (β=-0.127), and geographical limitations (β=-0.227) had a significant negative impact. Conclusion Price barriers, perceived risks, and geographical limitations are important factors contributing to the low willingness for dental implants among middle-aged and elderly patients with missing teeth in Liaoning Province. Therefore, it is necessary to promote dental implants through coordinated efforts from hospitals, the public, and manufacturers, in order to increase the application of dental implants. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics