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    Recent advances in the factors affecting the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of peri-implantitis
    Yan Fuhua, Song Shiyuan
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 402-409.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.003
    Abstract1612)      PDF (1334KB)(3866)       Save
    Oral implant therapy is one of the most common methods for restoring defective and missing dentition. Peri-implantitis is a prevalent biological complication of implant therapy, characterized by inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. The occurrence of peri-implantitis can impact the prognosis of implant restorations or even lead to implant failure, significantly affecting the patient's health and quality of life. Therefore, reducing the risk factors of peri-implantitis, timely diagnosis and effective treatments are of great importance to enhance the prognosis of implant therapy. This review describes the factors influencing the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, the current diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic methods. Furthermore, it discusses emerging treatment modalities with potential clinical applications and reviews ongoing research progress.
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    Treatment decision-making and prognosis assessment of peri-implantitis
    Xu Shulan, Zhu Yuanxi
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 394-401.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.002
    Abstract609)      PDF (1706KB)(3143)       Save
    Peri-implantitis is a common biological complication of dental implant treatment, and it is one of the significant causes of implant failure as well. The treatment decision-making and prognosis assessment of peri-implantitis present two major problems for implantologists in clinical practice. Evidence-based treatment decision-making and accurate prognosis assessment could help doctors propose appropriate treatment approaches and guide patients to conduct oral self-care and systemic factors control according to their own conditions, aiming for more a streamlined treatment process and better clinical outcomes. This literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the treatment decision-making and prognosis assessment of peri-implantitis, discusses its research progress and clinical recommendations, and puts forth suggestions for further research.
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    Root cause analysis of 3 cases of adverse events involving swallowing and aspiration in dental implant procedures
    Jiao Mingxiu, Bao Xianjing, Chen Haixia
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 347-350.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.009
    Abstract337)      PDF (1400KB)(2132)       Save
    Objective The retrospective analysis was conducted on three cases of adverse events involving swallowing and aspiration in our hospital by applying the root cause analysis method. Methods The root causes of the events were identified in terms of systematic processes by creating a cause-and-effect diagram. Results The root causes of these incidents were identified in the system process: the lack of standardized preventive measures, insufficient patient evaluation, inadequate preoperative precautionary measures, and treatment positions that could easily result in swallowing and aspiration. Conclusion To address these three root causes, specific improvement measures were implemented: conducting adequate preoperative patient evaluations, enhancing preoperative precautionary measures, adjusting patient treatment positions, strengthening preventive measures during procedures, and enhancing supervision of such incidents.
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    Surface decontamination in peri-implantitis management
    Dong Xiaoxiao
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 437-443.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.008
    Abstract257)      PDF (1359KB)(2007)       Save
    Surface decontamination of implants is much more difficult than that of natural teeth. Incomplete decontamination is the main reason causing peri-implantitis treatment failure. This article reviews the implant surface decontamination modalities: mechanical decontamination methods, chemical decontamination methods and physical methods. Mechanical decontamination methods are the treatment most well documented. It is the foundation for peri-implantitis treatment. Nowadays, there is no gold standard for management of peri-implantitis. A combination of different decontamination modalities is recommended.
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    Influence factors of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation
    Zhao Yang
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 289-294.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.016
    Abstract2455)      PDF (1348KB)(1875)       Save
    Maxillary sinus floor elevation is a common surgical method to solve the problem of insufficient bone mass in the posterior maxillary region. Based on the special background of maxillary sinus bone augmentation, we explore the principles of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation results from the mechanism of osteogenesis, which can be considered from four aspects: bone contact area, angiogenesis, stability of space, and safe healing.
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    Application of platform technology in the treatment of peri-implantitis combined with implant infraposition in the aesthetic zone: a case report and literature review
    Lin Zhihui, Wang Xi, Man Yi
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 424-429.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.006
    Abstract270)      PDF (1718KB)(1312)       Save
    In the process of long-term functional use of implant-supported dentures, the occurrence of peri-implant biological complications is often difficult to avoid due to various factors such as the patient's overall health condition, surgical procedures, implant restorations, and prosthetic techniques. Additionally, during the long-term clinical follow-up of patients with aesthetic zone implant restorations, it is often observed that the incisal edge of implant restoration is positioned lower towards the root compared to the contralateral natural tooth, indicating implant infraposition. This article reports a case of aesthetic zone implant peri-implantitis combined with implant infraposition treated using platform techniques. In this case, non-surgical treatment was used to control inflammation in the surgical area before the surgery, and connective tissue platform techniques were employed during the surgery to increase soft tissue volume around the implant. Temporary restoration was performed after 3 months postoperatively, followed by the final restoration after 6 months. Short-term treatment results showed that for cases of aesthetic zone implant peri-implantitis combined with implant infraposition, the use of connective tissue platform techniques can effectively achieve soft tissue reconstruction in the surgical area and reduce aesthetic risks.
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    Research advances in treatment of tooth agenesis
    Geng Chenxin, Liu Yang, Han Dong
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 224-230.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.006
    Abstract348)      PDF (1368KB)(1272)       Save
    Tooth agenesis is the most common dental developmental anomaly in humans, which can cause significant chewing, pronunciation, aesthetic and craniofacial development problems. Due to the unique characteristics of tooth agenesis, its treatment is very time-consuming and costly, imposing huge economic burdens and mental stress on patients. The treatments include a sequential therapeutic strategy with a multidisciplinary team of pediatric dentistry, prosthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, oral implantology, and other backgrounds, as well as emerging methods such as targeted molecular therapy and tissue engineering. This review provides an update on the knowledge on the characteristics of tooth agenesis, traditional treatments, and the rising fields of molecular therapy and tissue engineering. We also discuss the treatment effects of each method, aiming to provide a reference for the treatment of tooth agenesis.
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    Expert consensus on titanium mesh supported guided bone regeneration
    Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 95-100.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.001
    Abstract828)      PDF (1401KB)(1222)       Save
    Nowadays, the clinical application of titanium mesh supported guided bone regeneration (TMs-GBR), especially using 3D printing individualized titanium mesh (3D-PITM), is increasing, serving as a reliable solution for bone augmentation in various cases of bone defects, particularly complex ones encountered during implant surgery. Given the technical sensitivity of TMs-GBR and the higher risk of complications such as titanium mesh exposure, as well as the current lack of relevant guidelines or international consensus, the editorial board of the Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology organized discussions among relevant experts and drafted this consensus, aiming to provide clinical reference for practitioners.
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    Reflections on the sole application of xenograft of low substitution rate for maxillary sinus floor elevation
    Wu Shiyu, Chen Zhuofan, Huang Baoxin, Chen Zetao, Liu Yuanxiang
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 327-331.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.006
    Abstract265)      PDF (1455KB)(999)       Save
    The maxillary sinus floor elevation is a key technique for restoring the vertical bone volume in the patient’s posterior region. However, the maxillary sinus floor elevation still has limitations such as significant trauma, sometimes requiring a second surgical area, and a long treatment cycle. These limitations are closely related to its osteogenic mechanism and the bone augmentation protocol. The article summarizes the evolution of the “gold standard” of bone augmentation materials for maxillary sinus floor elevation from the perspectives of spatial maintenance ability and new bone formation quality based on the mechanism of sinus cavity osteogenesis, then focuses on the current clinical application status of simply using deproteinized bovine bone matrix, in order to provide ideas for standardized clinical treatment and conversion research.
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    Selection of animal models simulating the human jawbone for in vivo experiments on oral implants
    Wang Qi, Teng Weiwei, Su Tianyue, Shu Qianyi, Li Cuiying, Wang Xinyu, Zhou Libo
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (4): 285-289.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.08.013
    Abstract312)      PDF (1258KB)(976)       Save
    With the improvement of our national living standard and the popularization of dental implant technology, dental implants have become the first choice for the restoration of partially or completely edentulous jaws. To improve the surgical skill level of clinicians and develop excellent implants are important measures to improve the success rate of implant restorations, and neither physician training nor new implant development can be accomplished without preclinical experiments on animal models. Therefore, this paper reviews the animals and animal models suitable for dental implant surgery. The results of literature analysis show that there are a variety of animals that can be used to simulate the human jawbone for implant surgery or for testing the new implants developed. Pigs are the closest animal model to the human jawbone in terms of feeding habits, ethical considerations, physical size, temperament, structural characteristics, tissue composition, and bone remodeling of the jawbone tissue. However, due to the different experimental purposes, different animal models can be selected to carry out experiments. Additionally, an array of animal models can be concurrently employed to meet diverse research needs and achieve clinical treatment objectives.
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    The autologous platelet concentrates for maxillary sinus floor elevation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    Zhao Ruimin, Gong Jiaming, Li Jianxue, Su Linhan
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (4): 270-278.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.08.011
    Abstract272)      PDF (1859KB)(958)       Save
    Objective To systematically evaluate efficacy in the application of autologous platelet concentrates (APC) for maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE). Methods The databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang from 1 January 2000 to 30 September 2022, were electronically searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving MSFE employing APC. The Cochrane Tool was employed to assess the risk of bias. Data were analyzed via RevMan 5.4 software. Results In total 16 RCTs were included. Meta-analyses showed that at 6 months after MSFE, APC presented significant advantages in the proportion of new bone formation, grafted materials absorption, vertical bone augmentation, and bone density except for the proportion of connective tissue, bone-to-bone graft contact rate, vertical bone resorption, and implant stability quotient; At 12 months after MFSE, employing APC mixed grafted materials resulted in a significantly better vertical sinus-bone height than employing bone grafted materials alone, but the latter presented a more stable vertical sinus-bone height. Conclusion Limited evidence implied that during a medium-short follow-up period, employing APC mixed bone grafted materials achieves better performance than sole bone grafted materials in terms of the proportion of new bone formation, sinus-bone height, bone density, and materials degradation, thus, no positive efficacy on the proportion of connective tissue, bone-to-bone graft contact rate and the stability of vertical sinus-bone resorption and implant. Further evidence from RCTs with higher homogeneity and longer follow-up period is needed to evaluate its superiority in MSFE.
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    Expert consensus on maxillary sinus floor elevation: maxillary sinus septum
    Chinese Society of Oral Implantology
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 103-108.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.003
    Abstract477)      PDF (1040KB)(903)       Save
    The maxillary sinus septum is a common bony structure in the maxillary sinus. It is very important to understand the presence of the maxillary sinus septum when designing the sinus floor elevation. Therefore, this paper summarizes the classification of maxillary sinus septum, its anatomical and biological characteristics, its influence on maxillary sinus osteogenesis, and its treatment methods and principles, in order to provide a reference for the clinical implementation of sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus septum, and to reduce the complications caused by the presence of maxillary sinus septum.
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    Expert consensus on sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cyst or cyst-like lesions
    Chinese Society of Oral Implantology
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 195-201.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.001
    Abstract584)      PDF (1090KB)(882)       Save
    Sinus floor elevation is a predictable rehabilitation method commonly used to address bone deficiency in the maxillary posterior area. However, the presence of maxillary sinus cysts often presents a challenge for sinus floor elevation. At present, there is still a lack of guidelines or consensus on sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cyst. The purpose of this consensus is to provide clinicians with practical and feasible measures for sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cysts.
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    A review of the application of osseointegrated implant removal techniques
    Cai Guoxin
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (4): 279-284.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.08.012
    Abstract288)      PDF (1819KB)(870)       Save
    In this paper, we searched CNKI, Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase and other databases from 2000 to 2022 for all the published literature related to the osseointegrated implant removal techniques, and counted the number of clinical cases of osseointegrated implant removal and the number of implants surgically removed, the location of implants, poor prognosis and other information. The clinical cases and surgical removals of osseointegrated implants were counted, and the numbers of implants, implant locations, and poor prognosis were summarized. The indications for osseointegrated implant removal were summarized, and the limitations and possible complications of various methods were discussed, and a series of decision-making options were proposed to help clinicians to determine the most appropriate minimally invasive technique for removing osseointegrated implants.
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    Application and research progress of customized additive manufactured titanium mesh in bone augmentation for oral implantation
    Wang Lingxu, Wang Fangfang, Wang Penglai
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 364-370.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.012
    Abstract731)      PDF (1348KB)(843)       Save
    Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a popular method for bone augmentation in oral implant restoration. Titanium mesh has become increasingly prevalent due to its excellent mechanical properties and support fixation. However, traditional prefabricated titanium mesh has limitations, such as poor fitting with the alveolar bone shape, which can result in complications such as wound tearing, mucosal damage, and titanium mesh exposure. Additive manufacturing technology, such as 3D printing, allows for the customization of customized titanium mesh with varying shapes, thicknesses, and porosity. This customized approach not only upholds the excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility of traditional titanium meshes but also achieves high-precision bone grafting through meticulous preoperative design and digital virtual reconstruction. Such an approach not only streamlines the surgical procedure and shortens surgery time, but also simplifies the surgeon’s operations and reduces trauma to patients. However, in clinical application, even though postoperative complications have decreased, issues such as the exposure of the titanium mesh persist and require careful attention. Despite the considerable clinical potential of titanium mesh from customized manufacturing, in-depth subsequent research is crucial to enhance its effectiveness. This article provides an overview of the current clinical application and research status of customized additive manufactured titanium mesh.
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    Determination of the occlusal plane in the computer-assisted design of implant-supported fixed complete-arch rehabilitation
    Ye Ying, Liu Weicai
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 9-15.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.003
    Abstract362)      PDF (1569KB)(836)       Save
    Various digital techniques have been extensively applied in implant dentistry. When addressing edentulous cases with implant-supported fixed complete-arch rehabilitation, the determination of the occlusal plane is a critical step, which is a prerequisite for achieving stable occlusal function. This review discusses the employed digital techniques and data fusion, the techniques of virtual mounting, and various methods applied in occlusal plane determination. We hope this work could provide valuable insights into the clinical work in implant-supported occlusal rehabilitation.
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    Management of vertical bone deficiency in the posterior mandibular region
    Qiu Lixin, Niu Lixuan
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 400-406.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.002
    Abstract431)      PDF (1444KB)(827)       Save
    Vertical bone augmentation in the posterior mandibular region is technically demanding and prone to frequent complications. There is no consensus, either domestically or internationally, on the optimal technique. Furthermore, there is a lack of large-scale, high-quality clinical studies on the long-term outcomes of vertical bone augmentation followed by implant-supported restorations. This article provides a systematic review of complications and long-term outcomes of various vertical bone augmentation techniques, drawing on the authors' clinical expertise to provide information on decision-making.
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    Current status and progress of clinical application of oral occlusion
    Chen Jiang, He Kaixun
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 3-8.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.002
    Abstract504)      PDF (1322KB)(817)       Save
    Oral occlusion involves tooth position, temporomandibular joint movement, and muscle function. Normal oral occlusion is crucial for chewing, pronunciation, facial expressions, and other functions. Malocclusion can cause a series of complications, including pain in the temporomandibular joint and chipping of restorations. Therefore, the importance of oral occlusion in the field of oral medicine has become increasingly prominent. Through in-depth research on oral occlusion, dentists can better diagnose and treat occlusion-related problems and improve treatment effects and patients' quality of life. This article intends to introduce the current status and future directions of oral occlusion research and guide the application and development of implant occlusion.
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    Research progress on metal-organic frameworks in dental medicine
    Li Jian, Liang Ye, Zhao Baodong
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (6): 602-609.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.12.025
    Abstract463)      PDF (1601KB)(747)       Save
    Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are nanoporous materials synthesized through the self-assembly of metal nodes and organic ligands. They are characterized by their highly ordered porosity, tunable pore size, large specific surface area, and diverse structures. With the advancements and applications of MOFs in the biomedical field, an increasing number of researchers have introduced MOFs into dental medicine for research. New MOFs have been tailored or developed based on the characteristics of the oral environment and diseases for use in oral disease treatment. The most commonly used MOFs in dentistry primarily include zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67). The structure and function of MOFs are suitable for treating oral diseases, and they have shown promising results in researches related to periodontal disease, oral and maxillofacial tumors, dental pulp disease, and dental implants. However, their effectiveness still requires further validation through clinical trials.
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    Exploration of the application of digital technology in implant treatment of edentulous patients
    Sun Wei, Shi Bin
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (4): 217-222.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.08.002
    Abstract448)      PDF (1523KB)(735)       Save
    With the widespread application of digital technology in oral implantology, implant surgery and prosthetic procedures have been significantly optimized. However, the digital process of implant treatment for patients with edentulism has yet to be integrated. This paper combined the application of emerging digital technologies in the process of implant treatment for patients with edentulism and sorted out the full digital process in order to provide reference for implant specialists.
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    Recent progress in bone regenerative materials for implant dentistry
    Li Xin, Liu Kaizheng, Wu Shiyu, Liu Yuanxiang, Huang Baoxin, Qiao Wei, Pan Haobo, Chen Zhuofan
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 371-377.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.013
    Abstract487)      PDF (1414KB)(706)       Save
    There has been an increasing number of cases involving bone regeneration in oral clinical treatments, and the requirements for related biomaterials are simultaneously getting higher. This review aims to summarize the research status of bone regeneration materials in the field of implant dentistry. First, specific characteristics of oral bone regeneration applications are introduced. Next, the biochemical and physical properties that affect the performance of materials are discussed, followed by some of the key issues in the field. Finally, an outlook on future research directions is provided to promote the development of next-generation oral bone regeneration materials.
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    Advances in occlusal contact design of implant-supported dentures in complete edentulous patients
    Li Zhiwen, Du bingran, Lin Yuan, Pan Yaopeng, Jin Liuli, Zhang Xueyang
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (4): 239-243.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.08.006
    Abstract345)      PDF (653KB)(703)       Save
    The design of occlusal contact of implant-supported dentures is one of the important factors to consider for implant restoration in patients with edentulism. Proper occlusal force can ensure the patients' chewing ability and avoid excessive loading on the implants, while improper occlusal force will affect the prognosis of implants. The design of the centric occlusal contact for patients with edentulism should ensure that the occlusal force is parallel to the long axis of the implants, reducing the existence of cantilevers and improper fulcrums, and maintain the even and stable contact of the posterior teeth. The first choice of implant protected occlusion is the canine guide occlusion..
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    Horizontally ridge reconstruction using titanium mesh with tenting screw vs. autologous bone graft: a retrospective study
    Zhou Lin, Ding Jiamin, Xing Yifeng, Lin Yanjun, Wu Dong
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 340-346.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.008
    Abstract392)      PDF (1651KB)(691)       Save
    Objective The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the horizontal bone gain at the different levels of alveolar bone using a titanium screw as a reference plane by titanium mesh with tent screw and autologous bone grafting. Methods Sixteen patients and 23 measured points were enrolled in this study. CBCT data immediately and 6 months after bone grafting were measured at crestal (CW), midway (MW), and basal (BW) levels and reconstructed for area measurement using a titanium screw as the reference plane. The exposure of titanium mesh or not had been evaluated. Results There were no statistical differences between the titanium mesh and onlay grafting, and measured levels at CW, MW, and BW, the exposed titanium mesh and not exposed one. The width absorption ratio of titanium mesh and onlay grafting group or at CW, MW, and BW were almost the same. The area of bone gained and absorption ratio were almost the same without statistical differences. However, the width absorption ratio of the exposed titanium mesh at CW, MW, and BW was significantly higher than the not exposed one. Thin biotype was a main factor in the exposure of titanium mesh. The exposed titanium mesh at the late phase can also achieve clinically accepted bone gain after certain anti-inflammatory treatments. Conclusion Ti-mesh with tenting screw technique and autologous bone graft can achieve clinically acceptable bone augmentation effect. However, the absorption ratio significantly increased if exposed.
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    Follow-up maintenance compliance and related factors in implant restoration patients: current status and outlook
    Song Jiaying, Chen Zhuofan, Huang Baoxin
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 430-436.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.007
    Abstract233)      PDF (1334KB)(687)       Save
    Regular follow-up and periodontal and peri-implant maintenance is a guarantee for the long-term success of implant restorations. However, the follow-up compliance of patients with dental implants is not optimistic. Fully understanding the importance of maintenance and the factors related to patients' compliance is helpful to enhance patients' compliance with maintenance and then improve the long-term success of dental implants. Therefore, this review describes the impact of maintenance on implant restorations and the factors related to patients’ compliance.
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    Impact of osteoporosis on dental implantation and related clinical considerations
    Qiu Yun, Wang Yulan, Zhang Yufeng
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 336-341.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.007
    Abstract484)      PDF (1397KB)(677)       Save
    With the development of dental technology, dental implants are gradually becoming the primary choice for restoring missing teeth. The quality and quantity of the alveolar bone are key to the success of implant surgery and the long-term retention of the implants. Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and a reduction in bone density, affecting bones throughout the body, including the alveolar bone. Therefore, its characteristic oral manifestations can be indicative of an early diagnosis of osteoporosis. At the same time, the changes in bone density and bone structure in osteoporosis patients necessitate awareness of the treatment risks during implantation and modification of the treatment plan to improve the success rate of implant treatment. This article reviews the oral manifestations of osteoporosis, the risks of implant treatment, and the consideration for implant treatment through a literature review.
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    Research progress on digital methods for recording and transferring maxillomandibular relationship
    Man Yi, Lan Dongping
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 212-217.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.004
    Abstract456)      PDF (768KB)(670)       Save
    In recent years, the advancing development of digital dental technology has heralded a new era in full-arch implant restoration. A crucial element for successful complete denture is the accurate recording and transfer of the maxillomandibular relationship. Compared to traditional methods, digital technology has the potential to shorten the treatment cycle and improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment. This article elaborates on the application and advances of digital technology in recording and transferring the maxillomandibular relationship in edentulous patients. The opportunities and challenges presented by the digitization of dental technology to clinicians will be discussed, with the aim of providing them with a valuable reference.
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    Research progress in reducing the residual excess cement in implant-supported cement-retained crown restorations
    Tang Li, Chen Liyi
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (4): 290-294.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.08.014
    Abstract312)      PDF (1237KB)(659)       Save
    Cement-retained method is the main retention method of fixed implant-supported denture and is widely used in clinics. Compared with screw-retained implant-supported restorations, cement-retained method offers superior aesthetics and lower production costs in the lab. Cement-retained method is easy to obtain passive fit. However, residual excess cement is a serious potential trouble in clinical practice, which is the main pathogenic factor of peri-implantitis and may even lead to implant failure. How to reduce residual excess cement is a problem that implantologists must pay attention to. In this review, five aspects of reducing residual excess cement are summarized from the management of dental crown and abutment, application of barrier materials, cements, and abutment dies, in order to provide clinical guidance for preventing and reducing cement-related complications.
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    Strategies for implant surface decontamination in therapy of peri-implantitis
    Yang Ting, Hu Wenjie
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 385-390.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.015
    Abstract289)      PDF (1381KB)(652)       Save
    Peri-implantitis is a biofilm-mediated pathological condition of peri-implant tissue, characterized by inflammation in peri-implant mucosa accompanied by progressive loss of supporting bone around dental implants. It is the main reason that affects the long-term result of dental implant restoration, which might eventually lead to implant failure. Implant surface decontamination is the key to the management of peri-implantitis. Non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment have both been used in clinical practice, but there is no gold standard protocol for implant decontamination. Therefore, it is of great significance to compare the characteristics of implants with and without peri-implantitis to understand the decontamination strategy for infected implant surfaces, which can provide a reference for clinicians in the decision-making when managing peri-implantitis.
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    Current research status of transalveolar technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous placement of dental implants
    Xia Haibin, Xu Junyi
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 109-117.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.004
    Abstract520)      PDF (1604KB)(630)       Save
    When the residual bone height is insufficient in the maxillary posterior region, the transalveolar technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement is less invasive, resulting in milder postoperative reactions and shorter treatment periods compared to the lateral window technique. However, due to the limited surgical vision and elevation technique, the transalveolar technique is susceptible to mucoperiosteal perforation or compromised osteogenesis and is therefore traditionally considered suitable only for cases where the residual bone height is mildly inadequate. With modifications to surgical instruments, improvements in clinical skills, and the assistance of digital technology, researchers have gained new insights into the indications and surgical protocols for transalveolar sinus floor elevation with simultaneous placement of dental implants. This paper presents an overview of the current basic and clinical research status of the transalveolar technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implantation by reviewing recent literature.
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    Selection of bone graft materials in vertical bone augmentation surgery
    Zhang Xiaohan, Lv Mingyue, Zhang Shiwen, Yuan Quan
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 320-326.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.005
    Abstract357)      PDF (1322KB)(620)       Save
    The success and long-term stability of implant treatment are closely related to an adequate bone volume at the implant site. Vertical bone defects have detrimental effects on the function and aesthetic outcomes of implant treatment. Various regenerative procedures, such as guided bone regeneration, Onlay technique, titanium mesh technique, and Inlay technique, require the use of bone graft materials to achieve the regeneration of bone height. This article provides a comprehensive literature review of the bone graft materials used in different surgical techniques for vertical bone augmentation, including their effects, advantages, and limitations. The aim is to provide decision-making support for clinical practice in oral implant therapy.
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    Implant restorations and occlusal reconstruction in partially edentulous patients aided by digital technology: a basic restorative procedure
    Yan Yuwei, Lin Xiao, Ma Rui, Liang Chao, Geng Wei
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 30-35.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.006
    Abstract421)      PDF (2541KB)(603)       Save
    Occlusal reconstruction is a complex oral treatment procedure that requires a high degree of treatment accuracy, especially when it involves occlusal reconstruction treatment of implant-supported fixed restorations. The assistance of digital technology is conducive to improving the accuracy of treatment and providing long-term stability for patients of implant restorations and occlusal reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to discuss the basic restorative procedures of implant restorations and occlusal reconstruction in partially edentulous patients assisted by the digital technology of the neuromuscular analysis system and the electronic facebow for clinical reference.
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    Research progress on peri-implant soft tissue augmentation materials
    Chen Jiaxin, Gu Xinhua
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 284-288.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.015
    Abstract407)      PDF (1341KB)(593)       Save
    With the increasing maturity of dental implant technology, the aesthetic effects of dental implants and long-term health of surrounding tissues in implant restorations are of growing concern. Due to the decrease in the amount of soft and hard tissue around the missing tooth area, dental defects often fail to meet the requirements for implant restoration. Therefore, the augmentation of soft and hard tissue around the implant is a key step in dental implantation. The purpose of this paper is to introduce common peri-implant soft tissue augmentation materials and provide references to solving the problem of peri-implant soft tissue insufficiency.
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    An in vitro study on the comparison of implant accuracy of freehand, implant surgical guide, and dental implant robot
    Su Tianyue, Zhao Jinrong, Teng weiwei, Liu Penghui, Li Xinru, Zhou Libo
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (4): 244-249.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.08.007
    Abstract391)      PDF (1500KB)(581)       Save
    Objective To compare the implant accuracy of dental implant robot, freehand, and implant surgical guide under the same experimental conditions. Methods Solid rigid polyurethane was selected as the research medium. The 90 implant sites of the polyurethane model were divided into three groups: the first group is the freehand group ( n=30), which is implanted by the doctor's freehand; the second group was the guide group ( n=30), and the implant surgical guides were used to assist implant placement; and the third group was the robot group ( n=30), which was assisted by dental implant robot while the implants were also placed by the same doctor. CBCT was taken for implant planning, and the implant placements were carried out by freehand, implant surgical guide and dental implant robot, and CBCT was taken again after surgery to analyze and compare the deviation between the actual implant position and the planned position. Results In the polyurethane experiment, compared with the freehand group, the total implant site deviation, the lateral implant site deviation, the total apex deviation, the lateral apex deviation, and the angular deviation in the guide and robot groups were reduced ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the guide group and the robot group in all directions of deviation ( P>0.05). Conclusion Through the in vitro model experiment, it can be determined that dental implant robot is a more reliable and accurate implant technology than freehand method.
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    The evaluation of immediate full-process digital implant restoration in edentulous arches using a combination of three-dimensional scanning and CBCT registration technology
    Ma Bowen, Lin Xiao, Geng Wei
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (4): 233-238.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.08.005
    Abstract345)      PDF (1858KB)(576)       Save
    The ultimate goal of digital treatment in full-arch implant restoration is to "start with the end in mind". The challenge lies in utilizing full-process digital technology to acquire the three-dimensional position of dental implants and to replicate the predetermined occlusal relationship. This article presents a case report on the application of 3D scanning combined with CBCT registration technology for immediate full-arch implant restoration, achieving a truly digital workflow. It provides patients with accurate, comfortable, and efficient implant restoration treatment, leading to favorable clinical outcomes.
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    "Improved" maxillary sinus lift surgery
    Sun Xiaolin, Luo Jiaxin
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 118-126.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.005
    Abstract384)      PDF (1637KB)(569)       Save
    When posterior maxillary teeth are missing, the residual bone height required for implantation is insufficient due to the lack of functional stimulation from the teeth and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus. When residual bone volume cannot ensure the initial stability of the implant, a maxillary sinus floor elevation is needed to increase bone volume in the posterior maxillary region. The "PESS" procedure is a "modified" maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery that uses platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a single bone graft material, with the aid of an endoscope to elevate the maxillary sinus floor through the alveolar ridge and place implants simultaneously. The PESS procedure has optimized maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery to some extent and reduced surgical trauma. This article elaborates on the principles, indications, clinical procedures, and precautions of the "PESS" procedure to provide technical support for its clinical application.
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    Clinical effects of osseodensification technique for transalveolar sinus floor elevation
    Wang Kexin, Ji Ping, Li Dize, Chen Yuan, Zhao Hongyong, Lu Qinyi, Bai Yaxin, Chen Tao
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 62-69.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.011
    Abstract415)      PDF (1660KB)(564)       Save
    Objective To investigate the clinical effects of the osseodensification technique applied to transalveolar maxillary sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement. Methods A total of 39 patients underwent transalveolar sinus floor elevation using osseodensification and implant placement in the Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2022 to May 2023. 21 cases were female, and 18 cases were male, with ages ranging from 21 to 73 years old and an average of (51.67±11.68) years old. Definitive prosthesis was delivered 6 months after implant surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was conducted preoperatively (T0), postoperatively (T1), and at 6-month follow-up (T2), measuring residual bone height (RBH), vertical bone height (VBH), and bone density (BD) at the implant site. Implant stability test (IST), sinus membrane perforation rate, and implant survival rate (SR) were recorded and analyzed 6 months after implant surgery. Results A total of 39 patients underwent maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery with 53 implants placed simultaneously. Alveolar bone heights ranged from 3.38 to 9.40 mm at T0, with a mean of (6.16±1.00) mm, (11.25±1.10) mm at T1, and (10.36±0.99) mm at T2. Significant differences in alveolar bone height were observed among different observation points ( P <0.001). The BDT0, BDT1 and BDT2 were 196.65 Hu, 441.70 Hu, and 435.04Hu respectively. Significant differences in bone density between T0 and T1 ( P<0.0001) were found. The sinus membrane perforation rate was 1.89%. 2 implants were lost in 6 months after surgery, yielding a cumulative implant survival rate of 96.23%. The remaining implants exhibited favorable IST values 77.61±4.78 at 6 months post-surgery, and no peri-implant inflammation was observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion The osseodensification technique may achieve optimal clinical effects for transalveolar sinus floor elevation. The technique exhibits acceptable short-term outcomes, while further studies on long-term clinical effects are required.
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    Perioperative risk assessment and management of oral implant restoration in ASA Ⅲ cardiovascular disease patients
    Zhang Yanting, Wang Wei, Chen Li, Zhao Wen, Zhou Wei
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 328-335.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.006
    Abstract235)      PDF (1715KB)(556)       Save
    With the widespread adoption of implant technology, ensuring the safe implementation of implant surgery for patients with complex systemic diseases has become a challenge that implant dentists must confront. Based on the patient's physical condition, the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classifies the perioperative risk. Patients at ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ have an extremely low risk of surgery, while those at ASA Ⅳ and above have a very high risk and are not suitable for surgery. How to assess perioperative risks, perform implant surgery, and reduce serious perioperative complications for ASAⅢ patients is a question that more and more implant doctors are focusing on. This article aims to start with the most common clinical patients with cardiovascular diseases at ASAⅢ, exploring the risk assessment, prevention, complication management of oral implant surgery for such patients, providing a reference for the safe implant restoration for this category of patients.
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    Advances of yttrium-containing zirconia materials in dental clinical applications
    Xie Hailin, Guo Xueqi, Wang Liping
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 184-189.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.014
    Abstract419)      PDF (1344KB)(551)       Save
    Yttrium-containing zirconia ceramic (YCZC) has been widely used in field of implant and restorative dentistry. It has good mechanical and biological properties when compared with other types of zirconia ceramics. Different types of zirconia ceramics have been used in clinical application, such as Yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP)with high mechanical properties, and Yttrium-partially stabilized zirconia (Y-PSZ)with high aesthetic properties. Therefore, understanding the physical and chemical properties of different YCZC can improve the clinical success of dental restorations. This article summarizes the available literature concerning the physical and chemical properties of YCZC and their clinical applications in the field of dentistry.
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    Risks and countermeasures of dental implant treatment in osteoporosis patients
    Liu Zhonghao, Dong Kai
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 303-310.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.003
    Abstract439)      PDF (1557KB)(548)       Save
    Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disease with the main characteristic of reduction of bone density and low bone mass. With the increasing age of the population, the incidence of OP increases year by year. Replacement of missing teeth with dental implants is one of the most common treatment options with a high success rate. However, in patients with OP, deterioration of bone tissue may lead to an increased risk of implant failure. Although OP is not a contraindication for implant therapy, clinicians should still pay great attention to associated risk factors. This article discusses the alveolar bone modeling and remodeling, the success rates of dental implants, the influence of anti-osteoporosis drugs, and the strategy of dental implant treatment in OP patients for clinical reference.
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    Study on the preparation and antibacterial properties of polytetrafluoroethylene film modified customized titanium mesh
    Yang Bo, Han Zekui, Dai Haoran, Zhang Liang, Zang Yixin, Wang Xinyu, Su Yucheng
    Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 451-459.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.010
    Abstract258)      PDF (2768KB)(543)       Save
    Objective By preparing polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface of customized titanium mesh, the biocompatibility and antibacterial ability of the surface of customized titanium mesh were improved. Methods The surface of the customized titanium mesh was sandblasted to roughen the surface by alumina and air-sprayed with PTFE dispersion. The polytetrafluoroethylene film modified customized titanium mesh (PMTM) was obtained by sintering and heat curing. The experimental groups were selective laser melting printing untreated group (CON), mechanical polishing group (MP), low-grit sandblasting group (SB), titanium-reinforced dense polytetrafluoroethylene film group (TRDP). The surface morphology, roughness, hydrophilicity, functional groups and phase composition of the samples were analyzed. The number and morphology of bacteria adhering to the surface of each group of samples after co-culture with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were analyzed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial ability of polytetrafluoroethylene film modified customized titanium mesh. Results The polytetrafluoroethylene film with stable bonding and a high purity is formed on the surface of the PMTM group, which reduced the micron-scale roughness and is highly hydrophobic. The number of bacteria on the surface of the CON group was the largest ( P<0.001), and the numbers of bacteria on the surface of the MP and SB groups were lower. The PMTM and TRDP groups had the lowest bacterial adhesion, and their antibacterial adhesion effects were similar ( P>0.05). Conclusion The preparation of polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface of customized titanium mesh can improve its ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion, which is an ideal surface treatment method for customized titanium mesh.
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