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Recent advances in the factors affecting the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of peri-implantitis Yan Fuhua, Song Shiyuan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 402-409.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.003 Abstract （1839）      PDF （1334KB）（4460）       Knowledge map    Save Oral implant therapy is one of the most common methods for restoring defective and missing dentition. Peri-implantitis is a prevalent biological complication of implant therapy, characterized by inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. The occurrence of peri-implantitis can impact the prognosis of implant restorations or even lead to implant failure, significantly affecting the patient's health and quality of life. Therefore, reducing the risk factors of peri-implantitis, timely diagnosis and effective treatments are of great importance to enhance the prognosis of implant therapy. This review describes the factors influencing the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, the current diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic methods. Furthermore, it discusses emerging treatment modalities with potential clinical applications and reviews ongoing research progress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Treatment decision-making and prognosis assessment of peri-implantitis Xu Shulan, Zhu Yuanxi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 394-401.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.002 Abstract （753）      PDF （1706KB）（3904）       Knowledge map    Save Peri-implantitis is a common biological complication of dental implant treatment, and it is one of the significant causes of implant failure as well. The treatment decision-making and prognosis assessment of peri-implantitis present two major problems for implantologists in clinical practice. Evidence-based treatment decision-making and accurate prognosis assessment could help doctors propose appropriate treatment approaches and guide patients to conduct oral self-care and systemic factors control according to their own conditions, aiming for more a streamlined treatment process and better clinical outcomes. This literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the treatment decision-making and prognosis assessment of peri-implantitis, discusses its research progress and clinical recommendations, and puts forth suggestions for further research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Surface decontamination in peri-implantitis management Dong Xiaoxiao Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 437-443.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.008 Abstract （301）      PDF （1359KB）（2466）       Knowledge map    Save Surface decontamination of implants is much more difficult than that of natural teeth. Incomplete decontamination is the main reason causing peri-implantitis treatment failure. This article reviews the implant surface decontamination modalities: mechanical decontamination methods, chemical decontamination methods and physical methods. Mechanical decontamination methods are the treatment most well documented. It is the foundation for peri-implantitis treatment. Nowadays, there is no gold standard for management of peri-implantitis. A combination of different decontamination modalities is recommended. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Root cause analysis of 3 cases of adverse events involving swallowing and aspiration in dental implant procedures Jiao Mingxiu, Bao Xianjing, Chen Haixia Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 347-350.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.009 Abstract （409）      PDF （1400KB）（2411）       Knowledge map    Save Objective The retrospective analysis was conducted on three cases of adverse events involving swallowing and aspiration in our hospital by applying the root cause analysis method. Methods The root causes of the events were identified in terms of systematic processes by creating a cause-and-effect diagram. Results The root causes of these incidents were identified in the system process: the lack of standardized preventive measures, insufficient patient evaluation, inadequate preoperative precautionary measures, and treatment positions that could easily result in swallowing and aspiration. Conclusion To address these three root causes, specific improvement measures were implemented: conducting adequate preoperative patient evaluations, enhancing preoperative precautionary measures, adjusting patient treatment positions, strengthening preventive measures during procedures, and enhancing supervision of such incidents. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence factors of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation Zhao Yang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 289-294.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.016 Abstract （2507）      PDF （1348KB）（1985）       Knowledge map    Save Maxillary sinus floor elevation is a common surgical method to solve the problem of insufficient bone mass in the posterior maxillary region. Based on the special background of maxillary sinus bone augmentation, we explore the principles of achieving predictable maxillary sinus bone augmentation results from the mechanism of osteogenesis, which can be considered from four aspects: bone contact area, angiogenesis, stability of space, and safe healing. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on titanium mesh supported guided bone regeneration Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 95-100.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.001 Abstract （962）      PDF （1401KB）（1649）       Knowledge map    Save Nowadays, the clinical application of titanium mesh supported guided bone regeneration (TMs-GBR), especially using 3D printing individualized titanium mesh (3D-PITM), is increasing, serving as a reliable solution for bone augmentation in various cases of bone defects, particularly complex ones encountered during implant surgery. Given the technical sensitivity of TMs-GBR and the higher risk of complications such as titanium mesh exposure, as well as the current lack of relevant guidelines or international consensus, the editorial board of the Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology organized discussions among relevant experts and drafted this consensus, aiming to provide clinical reference for practitioners. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reflections on the sole application of xenograft of low substitution rate for maxillary sinus floor elevation Wu Shiyu, Chen Zhuofan, Huang Baoxin, Chen Zetao, Liu Yuanxiang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 327-331.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.006 Abstract （317）      PDF （1455KB）（1625）       Knowledge map    Save The maxillary sinus floor elevation is a key technique for restoring the vertical bone volume in the patient’s posterior region. However, the maxillary sinus floor elevation still has limitations such as significant trauma, sometimes requiring a second surgical area, and a long treatment cycle. These limitations are closely related to its osteogenic mechanism and the bone augmentation protocol. The article summarizes the evolution of the “gold standard” of bone augmentation materials for maxillary sinus floor elevation from the perspectives of spatial maintenance ability and new bone formation quality based on the mechanism of sinus cavity osteogenesis, then focuses on the current clinical application status of simply using deproteinized bovine bone matrix, in order to provide ideas for standardized clinical treatment and conversion research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of platform technology in the treatment of peri-implantitis combined with implant infraposition in the aesthetic zone: a case report and literature review Lin Zhihui, Wang Xi, Man Yi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 424-429.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.006 Abstract （319）      PDF （1718KB）（1539）       Knowledge map    Save In the process of long-term functional use of implant-supported dentures, the occurrence of peri-implant biological complications is often difficult to avoid due to various factors such as the patient's overall health condition, surgical procedures, implant restorations, and prosthetic techniques. Additionally, during the long-term clinical follow-up of patients with aesthetic zone implant restorations, it is often observed that the incisal edge of implant restoration is positioned lower towards the root compared to the contralateral natural tooth, indicating implant infraposition. This article reports a case of aesthetic zone implant peri-implantitis combined with implant infraposition treated using platform techniques. In this case, non-surgical treatment was used to control inflammation in the surgical area before the surgery, and connective tissue platform techniques were employed during the surgery to increase soft tissue volume around the implant. Temporary restoration was performed after 3 months postoperatively, followed by the final restoration after 6 months. Short-term treatment results showed that for cases of aesthetic zone implant peri-implantitis combined with implant infraposition, the use of connective tissue platform techniques can effectively achieve soft tissue reconstruction in the surgical area and reduce aesthetic risks. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances in treatment of tooth agenesis Geng Chenxin, Liu Yang, Han Dong Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 224-230.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.006 Abstract （447）      PDF （1368KB）（1433）       Knowledge map    Save Tooth agenesis is the most common dental developmental anomaly in humans, which can cause significant chewing, pronunciation, aesthetic and craniofacial development problems. Due to the unique characteristics of tooth agenesis, its treatment is very time-consuming and costly, imposing huge economic burdens and mental stress on patients. The treatments include a sequential therapeutic strategy with a multidisciplinary team of pediatric dentistry, prosthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, oral implantology, and other backgrounds, as well as emerging methods such as targeted molecular therapy and tissue engineering. This review provides an update on the knowledge on the characteristics of tooth agenesis, traditional treatments, and the rising fields of molecular therapy and tissue engineering. We also discuss the treatment effects of each method, aiming to provide a reference for the treatment of tooth agenesis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent progress in bone regenerative materials for implant dentistry Li Xin, Liu Kaizheng, Wu Shiyu, Liu Yuanxiang, Huang Baoxin, Qiao Wei, Pan Haobo, Chen Zhuofan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 371-377.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.013 Abstract （598）      PDF （1414KB）（1069）       Knowledge map    Save There has been an increasing number of cases involving bone regeneration in oral clinical treatments, and the requirements for related biomaterials are simultaneously getting higher. This review aims to summarize the research status of bone regeneration materials in the field of implant dentistry. First, specific characteristics of oral bone regeneration applications are introduced. Next, the biochemical and physical properties that affect the performance of materials are discussed, followed by some of the key issues in the field. Finally, an outlook on future research directions is provided to promote the development of next-generation oral bone regeneration materials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on metal-organic frameworks in dental medicine Li Jian, Liang Ye, Zhao Baodong Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (6): 602-609.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.12.025 Abstract （602）      PDF （1601KB）（1025）       Knowledge map    Save Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are nanoporous materials synthesized through the self-assembly of metal nodes and organic ligands. They are characterized by their highly ordered porosity, tunable pore size, large specific surface area, and diverse structures. With the advancements and applications of MOFs in the biomedical field, an increasing number of researchers have introduced MOFs into dental medicine for research. New MOFs have been tailored or developed based on the characteristics of the oral environment and diseases for use in oral disease treatment. The most commonly used MOFs in dentistry primarily include zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67). The structure and function of MOFs are suitable for treating oral diseases, and they have shown promising results in researches related to periodontal disease, oral and maxillofacial tumors, dental pulp disease, and dental implants. However, their effectiveness still requires further validation through clinical trials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cyst or cyst-like lesions Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 195-201.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.001 Abstract （706）      PDF （1090KB）（1018）       Knowledge map    Save Sinus floor elevation is a predictable rehabilitation method commonly used to address bone deficiency in the maxillary posterior area. However, the presence of maxillary sinus cysts often presents a challenge for sinus floor elevation. At present, there is still a lack of guidelines or consensus on sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cyst. The purpose of this consensus is to provide clinicians with practical and feasible measures for sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus cysts. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and research progress of customized additive manufactured titanium mesh in bone augmentation for oral implantation Wang Lingxu, Wang Fangfang, Wang Penglai Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 364-370.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.012 Abstract （935）      PDF （1348KB）（1017）       Knowledge map    Save Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a popular method for bone augmentation in oral implant restoration. Titanium mesh has become increasingly prevalent due to its excellent mechanical properties and support fixation. However, traditional prefabricated titanium mesh has limitations, such as poor fitting with the alveolar bone shape, which can result in complications such as wound tearing, mucosal damage, and titanium mesh exposure. Additive manufacturing technology, such as 3D printing, allows for the customization of customized titanium mesh with varying shapes, thicknesses, and porosity. This customized approach not only upholds the excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility of traditional titanium meshes but also achieves high-precision bone grafting through meticulous preoperative design and digital virtual reconstruction. Such an approach not only streamlines the surgical procedure and shortens surgery time, but also simplifies the surgeon’s operations and reduces trauma to patients. However, in clinical application, even though postoperative complications have decreased, issues such as the exposure of the titanium mesh persist and require careful attention. Despite the considerable clinical potential of titanium mesh from customized manufacturing, in-depth subsequent research is crucial to enhance its effectiveness. This article provides an overview of the current clinical application and research status of customized additive manufactured titanium mesh. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on maxillary sinus floor elevation: maxillary sinus septum Chinese Society of Oral Implantology Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 103-108.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.003 Abstract （570）      PDF （1040KB）（1000）       Knowledge map    Save The maxillary sinus septum is a common bony structure in the maxillary sinus. It is very important to understand the presence of the maxillary sinus septum when designing the sinus floor elevation. Therefore, this paper summarizes the classification of maxillary sinus septum, its anatomical and biological characteristics, its influence on maxillary sinus osteogenesis, and its treatment methods and principles, in order to provide a reference for the clinical implementation of sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus septum, and to reduce the complications caused by the presence of maxillary sinus septum. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of the occlusal plane in the computer-assisted design of implant-supported fixed complete-arch rehabilitation Ye Ying, Liu Weicai Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 9-15.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.003 Abstract （428）      PDF （1569KB）（978）       Knowledge map    Save Various digital techniques have been extensively applied in implant dentistry. When addressing edentulous cases with implant-supported fixed complete-arch rehabilitation, the determination of the occlusal plane is a critical step, which is a prerequisite for achieving stable occlusal function. This review discusses the employed digital techniques and data fusion, the techniques of virtual mounting, and various methods applied in occlusal plane determination. We hope this work could provide valuable insights into the clinical work in implant-supported occlusal rehabilitation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status and progress of clinical application of oral occlusion Chen Jiang, He Kaixun Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 3-8.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.002 Abstract （602）      PDF （1322KB）（962）       Knowledge map    Save Oral occlusion involves tooth position, temporomandibular joint movement, and muscle function. Normal oral occlusion is crucial for chewing, pronunciation, facial expressions, and other functions. Malocclusion can cause a series of complications, including pain in the temporomandibular joint and chipping of restorations. Therefore, the importance of oral occlusion in the field of oral medicine has become increasingly prominent. Through in-depth research on oral occlusion, dentists can better diagnose and treat occlusion-related problems and improve treatment effects and patients' quality of life. This article intends to introduce the current status and future directions of oral occlusion research and guide the application and development of implant occlusion. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Management of vertical bone deficiency in the posterior mandibular region Qiu Lixin, Niu Lixuan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 400-406.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.002 Abstract （494）      PDF （1444KB）（956）       Knowledge map    Save Vertical bone augmentation in the posterior mandibular region is technically demanding and prone to frequent complications. There is no consensus, either domestically or internationally, on the optimal technique. Furthermore, there is a lack of large-scale, high-quality clinical studies on the long-term outcomes of vertical bone augmentation followed by implant-supported restorations. This article provides a systematic review of complications and long-term outcomes of various vertical bone augmentation techniques, drawing on the authors' clinical expertise to provide information on decision-making. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Horizontally ridge reconstruction using titanium mesh with tenting screw vs. autologous bone graft: a retrospective study Zhou Lin, Ding Jiamin, Xing Yifeng, Lin Yanjun, Wu Dong Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 340-346.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.008 Abstract （438）      PDF （1651KB）（873）       Knowledge map    Save Objective The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the horizontal bone gain at the different levels of alveolar bone using a titanium screw as a reference plane by titanium mesh with tent screw and autologous bone grafting. Methods Sixteen patients and 23 measured points were enrolled in this study. CBCT data immediately and 6 months after bone grafting were measured at crestal (CW), midway (MW), and basal (BW) levels and reconstructed for area measurement using a titanium screw as the reference plane. The exposure of titanium mesh or not had been evaluated. Results There were no statistical differences between the titanium mesh and onlay grafting, and measured levels at CW, MW, and BW, the exposed titanium mesh and not exposed one. The width absorption ratio of titanium mesh and onlay grafting group or at CW, MW, and BW were almost the same. The area of bone gained and absorption ratio were almost the same without statistical differences. However, the width absorption ratio of the exposed titanium mesh at CW, MW, and BW was significantly higher than the not exposed one. Thin biotype was a main factor in the exposure of titanium mesh. The exposed titanium mesh at the late phase can also achieve clinically accepted bone gain after certain anti-inflammatory treatments. Conclusion Ti-mesh with tenting screw technique and autologous bone graft can achieve clinically acceptable bone augmentation effect. However, the absorption ratio significantly increased if exposed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current research status of transalveolar technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous placement of dental implants Xia Haibin, Xu Junyi Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 109-117.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.004 Abstract （602）      PDF （1604KB）（839）       Knowledge map    Save When the residual bone height is insufficient in the maxillary posterior region, the transalveolar technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement is less invasive, resulting in milder postoperative reactions and shorter treatment periods compared to the lateral window technique. However, due to the limited surgical vision and elevation technique, the transalveolar technique is susceptible to mucoperiosteal perforation or compromised osteogenesis and is therefore traditionally considered suitable only for cases where the residual bone height is mildly inadequate. With modifications to surgical instruments, improvements in clinical skills, and the assistance of digital technology, researchers have gained new insights into the indications and surgical protocols for transalveolar sinus floor elevation with simultaneous placement of dental implants. This paper presents an overview of the current basic and clinical research status of the transalveolar technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implantation by reviewing recent literature. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Strategies for implant surface decontamination in therapy of peri-implantitis Yang Ting, Hu Wenjie Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 385-390.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.015 Abstract （340）      PDF （1381KB）（821）       Knowledge map    Save Peri-implantitis is a biofilm-mediated pathological condition of peri-implant tissue, characterized by inflammation in peri-implant mucosa accompanied by progressive loss of supporting bone around dental implants. It is the main reason that affects the long-term result of dental implant restoration, which might eventually lead to implant failure. Implant surface decontamination is the key to the management of peri-implantitis. Non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment have both been used in clinical practice, but there is no gold standard protocol for implant decontamination. Therefore, it is of great significance to compare the characteristics of implants with and without peri-implantitis to understand the decontamination strategy for infected implant surfaces, which can provide a reference for clinicians in the decision-making when managing peri-implantitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Follow-up maintenance compliance and related factors in implant restoration patients: current status and outlook Song Jiaying, Chen Zhuofan, Huang Baoxin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 430-436.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.007 Abstract （279）      PDF （1334KB）（792）       Knowledge map    Save Regular follow-up and periodontal and peri-implant maintenance is a guarantee for the long-term success of implant restorations. However, the follow-up compliance of patients with dental implants is not optimistic. Fully understanding the importance of maintenance and the factors related to patients' compliance is helpful to enhance patients' compliance with maintenance and then improve the long-term success of dental implants. Therefore, this review describes the impact of maintenance on implant restorations and the factors related to patients’ compliance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of osteoporosis on dental implantation and related clinical considerations Qiu Yun, Wang Yulan, Zhang Yufeng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 336-341.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.007 Abstract （708）      PDF （1397KB）（785）       Knowledge map    Save With the development of dental technology, dental implants are gradually becoming the primary choice for restoring missing teeth. The quality and quantity of the alveolar bone are key to the success of implant surgery and the long-term retention of the implants. Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and a reduction in bone density, affecting bones throughout the body, including the alveolar bone. Therefore, its characteristic oral manifestations can be indicative of an early diagnosis of osteoporosis. At the same time, the changes in bone density and bone structure in osteoporosis patients necessitate awareness of the treatment risks during implantation and modification of the treatment plan to improve the success rate of implant treatment. This article reviews the oral manifestations of osteoporosis, the risks of implant treatment, and the consideration for implant treatment through a literature review. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on digital methods for recording and transferring maxillomandibular relationship Man Yi, Lan Dongping Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 212-217.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.004 Abstract （531）      PDF （768KB）（783）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, the advancing development of digital dental technology has heralded a new era in full-arch implant restoration. A crucial element for successful complete denture is the accurate recording and transfer of the maxillomandibular relationship. Compared to traditional methods, digital technology has the potential to shorten the treatment cycle and improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment. This article elaborates on the application and advances of digital technology in recording and transferring the maxillomandibular relationship in edentulous patients. The opportunities and challenges presented by the digitization of dental technology to clinicians will be discussed, with the aim of providing them with a valuable reference. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A case of digitally assisted immediate implant placement through impacted teeth in the aesthetic area Zhao Ning, Li Xiaojie, Kou Ni, Ma Guowu Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 266-271.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.012 Abstract （625）      PDF （2405KB）（752）       Knowledge map    Save This paper presents a case of digitally assisted immediate implantation through impacted teeth in the aesthetic area. The patient had a root fracture caused by an upper anterior teeth trauma. One impacted canine and two impacted supernumerary teeth were found in the bone on the root side of the affected teeth. During treatment, under the guidance of the digital surgical guide plate and assistance by Er : YAG laser, immediate implantation through the impacted teeth was achieved. At the same time, autologous bone grafting material and platelet-rich fibrin were mixed for bone grafting at the two implant sites. Provisional and permanent restorations were completed with digital technology at 5 months and 8 months after the first stage of surgery, respectively. Postoperative CBCT showed that the implants penetrated through the crown, apical cementum, dentin, and pulp of the impacted teeth. No pain or other complications were found during the follow-up visit. There were no clinical symptoms at the 18-month follow-up visit. CBCT images showed that the bone density around the implants had increased and the lamina dura had formed. In this case, immediate implantation through the impacted teeth in the aesthetic area was realized with the digital assistance, providing a new clinical idea for the selection of treatment options for impacted teeth and increased clinical data for other healing forms of implants besides osseointegration. However, the clinical effect of this kind of operation still needs long-term follow-up observation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on peri-implant soft tissue augmentation materials Chen Jiaxin, Gu Xinhua Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 284-288.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.015 Abstract （509）      PDF （1341KB）（734）       Knowledge map    Save With the increasing maturity of dental implant technology, the aesthetic effects of dental implants and long-term health of surrounding tissues in implant restorations are of growing concern. Due to the decrease in the amount of soft and hard tissue around the missing tooth area, dental defects often fail to meet the requirements for implant restoration. Therefore, the augmentation of soft and hard tissue around the implant is a key step in dental implantation. The purpose of this paper is to introduce common peri-implant soft tissue augmentation materials and provide references to solving the problem of peri-implant soft tissue insufficiency. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Selection of bone graft materials in vertical bone augmentation surgery Zhang Xiaohan, Lv Mingyue, Zhang Shiwen, Yuan Quan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 320-326.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.005 Abstract （448）      PDF （1322KB）（733）       Knowledge map    Save The success and long-term stability of implant treatment are closely related to an adequate bone volume at the implant site. Vertical bone defects have detrimental effects on the function and aesthetic outcomes of implant treatment. Various regenerative procedures, such as guided bone regeneration, Onlay technique, titanium mesh technique, and Inlay technique, require the use of bone graft materials to achieve the regeneration of bone height. This article provides a comprehensive literature review of the bone graft materials used in different surgical techniques for vertical bone augmentation, including their effects, advantages, and limitations. The aim is to provide decision-making support for clinical practice in oral implant therapy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A systematic literature review on the implant survival rate for congenitally missing teeth Zhao Yu, Zan Bingxin, Dai Qinggang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 242-251.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.009 Abstract （344）      PDF （1424KB）（727）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To review the relevant literature from the last decade reporting on the outcomes of congenitally edentulous patients after implant prosthetic restoration, and to synthesize the implant survival rates from different perspectives to provide information for clinical decision-making. Methods A search using the combination ("hypodontia" OR "oligodontia" OR "anodontia" OR "tooth agenesis" OR "congenitally missing teeth") AND "dental implant*" was used in databases such as PubMed, with a time frame from February 2014 to February 2024. The literature was screened according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the bibliographies of the selected research articles were manually searched. Results A total of 34 prospective/retrospective studies and some case reports on implant restorations in congenitally edentulous patients were finally included. It was found that the overall implant survival rate in these patients was high, with an average of 96.53%, depending on individual patient factors and treatment techniques. Congenital edentulism was categorized into simple congenital edentulism and syndromic congenital edentulism, with survival rates of 97.32% and 95.54%, respectively, based on the relationship with systemic diseases. There were slight differences in implant survival rates between different age groups, with 93.82% for patients aged 17 years and younger, and 96.83% for adult patients aged 18 years and older. The maxillary lateral incisors, with a high rate of congenital defects involving the anterior esthetic zone, had an ideal implant survival rate (98.48%). The implant survival rate for congenitally edentulous patients combined with bone augmentation techniques was 96.19%. The survival rates for zygomatic implants and small-diameter implants (or mini-implants) were 98.18% and 97.18%, respectively. Conclusion Implant surgery is a better solution to restoring oral function in congenitally edentulous patients. However, it still needs to be analyzed according to the patient's situation to improve the implant survival rates and the success of implant restoration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Implant restorations and occlusal reconstruction in partially edentulous patients aided by digital technology: a basic restorative procedure Yan Yuwei, Lin Xiao, Ma Rui, Liang Chao, Geng Wei Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 30-35.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.006 Abstract （495）      PDF （2541KB）（718）       Knowledge map    Save Occlusal reconstruction is a complex oral treatment procedure that requires a high degree of treatment accuracy, especially when it involves occlusal reconstruction treatment of implant-supported fixed restorations. The assistance of digital technology is conducive to improving the accuracy of treatment and providing long-term stability for patients of implant restorations and occlusal reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to discuss the basic restorative procedures of implant restorations and occlusal reconstruction in partially edentulous patients assisted by the digital technology of the neuromuscular analysis system and the electronic facebow for clinical reference. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effects of osseodensification technique for transalveolar sinus floor elevation Wang Kexin, Ji Ping, Li Dize, Chen Yuan, Zhao Hongyong, Lu Qinyi, Bai Yaxin, Chen Tao Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 62-69.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.011 Abstract （520）      PDF （1660KB）（717）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the clinical effects of the osseodensification technique applied to transalveolar maxillary sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement. Methods A total of 39 patients underwent transalveolar sinus floor elevation using osseodensification and implant placement in the Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2022 to May 2023. 21 cases were female, and 18 cases were male, with ages ranging from 21 to 73 years old and an average of (51.67±11.68) years old. Definitive prosthesis was delivered 6 months after implant surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was conducted preoperatively (T0), postoperatively (T1), and at 6-month follow-up (T2), measuring residual bone height (RBH), vertical bone height (VBH), and bone density (BD) at the implant site. Implant stability test (IST), sinus membrane perforation rate, and implant survival rate (SR) were recorded and analyzed 6 months after implant surgery. Results A total of 39 patients underwent maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery with 53 implants placed simultaneously. Alveolar bone heights ranged from 3.38 to 9.40 mm at T0, with a mean of (6.16±1.00) mm, (11.25±1.10) mm at T1, and (10.36±0.99) mm at T2. Significant differences in alveolar bone height were observed among different observation points ( P <0.001). The BDT0, BDT1 and BDT2 were 196.65 Hu, 441.70 Hu, and 435.04Hu respectively. Significant differences in bone density between T0 and T1 ( P<0.0001) were found. The sinus membrane perforation rate was 1.89%. 2 implants were lost in 6 months after surgery, yielding a cumulative implant survival rate of 96.23%. The remaining implants exhibited favorable IST values 77.61±4.78 at 6 months post-surgery, and no peri-implant inflammation was observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion The osseodensification technique may achieve optimal clinical effects for transalveolar sinus floor elevation. The technique exhibits acceptable short-term outcomes, while further studies on long-term clinical effects are required. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw Gao Tingting, Bao Yongjie, Lv Xiaoyan, Chen Xian, Liu Yang, Xu Yilei, Lu Huanyou Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 492-497.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.016 Abstract （593）      PDF （1310KB）（716）       Knowledge map    Save Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) may be induced during the treatment of oral diseases in patients receiving anti-resorptive drugs such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, as well as angiogenesis inhibitors. However, the exact mechanism of MRONJ remains unclear, and although numerous studies have established clinical treatment databases, definitive treatment strategies have yet to be developed. Through a review of the literature, this study discusses the definition, etiology, staging, risk factors, treatment and prevention of MRONJ, providing a reference for clinical practice in oral healthcare. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of a new Tent-Peg technique in the reconstruction of severe alveolar bone defects Wang Mohan, Hu Yinghan, Wu Jing, Zou Duohong Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (5): 459-466.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.10.011 Abstract （713）      PDF （1768KB）（708）       Knowledge map    Save Adequate bone volume is crucial for the successful placement and long-term stability of dental implants. Therefore, the reconstruction of severe alveolar bone defects hold significant clinical importance. With the development of guided bone regeneration (GBR) techniques, various GBR approaches have been applied in clinical practice to address alveolar bone defects. Based on the concept of "stability-centered" alveolar bone reconstruction, we developed a series of Tent-Peg medical products and established a new Tent-Peg technique. This technique enables the reconstruction of severe alveolar bone defects without the need for autologous bone, providing a novel solution for both the functional and aesthetic reconstruction of such defects. This innovative method has been successfully validated in clinical practice, and its appeal lies in its "three lows" (low technical sensitivity, low failure rate, and low cost) and "three easies" (easy to operate, promote, and popularize). To enhance clinicians' understanding of this innovative technique, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the Tent-Peg medical product series and highlights the advantages of the new Tent-Peg technique, supported by clinical case demonstrations. This overview aims to promote the standardized application of this technique in clinical practice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inflammatory modulation and applications of biomaterials in oral bone regeneration Zhang Yufeng, Wang Yulan Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (5): 304-309.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.10.002 Abstract （595）      PDF （1284KB）（708）       Knowledge map    Save Significant progress has been made in the field of oral bone regeneration, with growing recognition of the pivotal role played by inflammation regulation. Temporal and contextual regulation of inflammation is essential for achieving successful bone repair. In the context of oral bone regeneration, biomaterials are employed as scaffolds/bone grafts to promote bone tissue formation in defect areas. The intrinsic properties of biomaterials may impact the inflammatory process and its regulation. Additionally, biomaterials can serve as carriers for immuno-modulatory drugs, further influencing bone regeneration. A comprehensive understanding of how biomaterials modulate inflammatory responses holds the potential to accelerate the development of novel bone regeneration materials. This review provides an overview of the current status of research on biomaterials in the context of oral bone regeneration and inflammation response, summarizing the laboratory advancements. The aim is to provide clinicians and researchers with a theoretical foundation for the selection and development of regenerative materials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Perioperative risk assessment and management of oral implant restoration in ASA Ⅲ cardiovascular disease patients Zhang Yanting, Wang Wei, Chen Li, Zhao Wen, Zhou Wei Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 328-335.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.006 Abstract （329）      PDF （1715KB）（693）       Knowledge map    Save With the widespread adoption of implant technology, ensuring the safe implementation of implant surgery for patients with complex systemic diseases has become a challenge that implant dentists must confront. Based on the patient's physical condition, the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classifies the perioperative risk. Patients at ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ have an extremely low risk of surgery, while those at ASA Ⅳ and above have a very high risk and are not suitable for surgery. How to assess perioperative risks, perform implant surgery, and reduce serious perioperative complications for ASAⅢ patients is a question that more and more implant doctors are focusing on. This article aims to start with the most common clinical patients with cardiovascular diseases at ASAⅢ, exploring the risk assessment, prevention, complication management of oral implant surgery for such patients, providing a reference for the safe implant restoration for this category of patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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"Improved" maxillary sinus lift surgery Sun Xiaolin, Luo Jiaxin Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (2): 118-126.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.04.005 Abstract （468）      PDF （1637KB）（686）       Knowledge map    Save When posterior maxillary teeth are missing, the residual bone height required for implantation is insufficient due to the lack of functional stimulation from the teeth and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus. When residual bone volume cannot ensure the initial stability of the implant, a maxillary sinus floor elevation is needed to increase bone volume in the posterior maxillary region. The "PESS" procedure is a "modified" maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery that uses platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a single bone graft material, with the aid of an endoscope to elevate the maxillary sinus floor through the alveolar ridge and place implants simultaneously. The PESS procedure has optimized maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery to some extent and reduced surgical trauma. This article elaborates on the principles, indications, clinical procedures, and precautions of the "PESS" procedure to provide technical support for its clinical application. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Simultaneous management of maxillary sinus cysts during sinus floor elevation Bao Yuejie, Zhan Pingping, Lin Zhihao, He Gang Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (6): 543-548.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.12.013 Abstract （395）      PDF （2026KB）（674）       Knowledge map    Save This article introduces a surgical approach for the simultaneous management of maxillary sinus cysts and sinus floor elevation using the double-window technique. The first lateral window is created to elevate the Schneiderian membrane and establish space for bone augmentation. Once the membrane is fully elevated and remains intact, a second small lateral window is created above the first to remove the cyst. The two windows are separated to prevent contamination of the graft material by the cystic contents. Additionally, a conservative surgical approach for the palliative treatment of sinus cysts is presented. Three representative cases are described to demonstrate specific techniques and surgical methods. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the preparation and antibacterial properties of polytetrafluoroethylene film modified customized titanium mesh Yang Bo, Han Zekui, Dai Haoran, Zhang Liang, Zang Yixin, Wang Xinyu, Su Yucheng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 451-459.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.010 Abstract （349）      PDF （2768KB）（670）       Knowledge map    Save Objective By preparing polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface of customized titanium mesh, the biocompatibility and antibacterial ability of the surface of customized titanium mesh were improved. Methods The surface of the customized titanium mesh was sandblasted to roughen the surface by alumina and air-sprayed with PTFE dispersion. The polytetrafluoroethylene film modified customized titanium mesh (PMTM) was obtained by sintering and heat curing. The experimental groups were selective laser melting printing untreated group (CON), mechanical polishing group (MP), low-grit sandblasting group (SB), titanium-reinforced dense polytetrafluoroethylene film group (TRDP). The surface morphology, roughness, hydrophilicity, functional groups and phase composition of the samples were analyzed. The number and morphology of bacteria adhering to the surface of each group of samples after co-culture with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were analyzed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial ability of polytetrafluoroethylene film modified customized titanium mesh. Results The polytetrafluoroethylene film with stable bonding and a high purity is formed on the surface of the PMTM group, which reduced the micron-scale roughness and is highly hydrophobic. The number of bacteria on the surface of the CON group was the largest ( P<0.001), and the numbers of bacteria on the surface of the MP and SB groups were lower. The PMTM and TRDP groups had the lowest bacterial adhesion, and their antibacterial adhesion effects were similar ( P>0.05). Conclusion The preparation of polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface of customized titanium mesh can improve its ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion, which is an ideal surface treatment method for customized titanium mesh. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risks and countermeasures of dental implant treatment in osteoporosis patients Liu Zhonghao, Dong Kai Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (4): 303-310.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.08.003 Abstract （614）      PDF （1557KB）（657）       Knowledge map    Save Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disease with the main characteristic of reduction of bone density and low bone mass. With the increasing age of the population, the incidence of OP increases year by year. Replacement of missing teeth with dental implants is one of the most common treatment options with a high success rate. However, in patients with OP, deterioration of bone tissue may lead to an increased risk of implant failure. Although OP is not a contraindication for implant therapy, clinicians should still pay great attention to associated risk factors. This article discusses the alveolar bone modeling and remodeling, the success rates of dental implants, the influence of anti-osteoporosis drugs, and the strategy of dental implant treatment in OP patients for clinical reference. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and research progress of digital technology in bone augmentation for dental implants Chen Jiang, Qiu Yubei Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (3): 252-257.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.06.010 Abstract （805）      PDF （1333KB）（655）       Knowledge map    Save Insufficient alveolar bone mass at the implant site is an important factor affecting the outcome of dental implants. Bone augmentation is an effective strategy to solve this problem. The application of digital technology provides a new approach for bone augmentation in oral implantology. This article presents the application and research progress of digital technology in bone augmentation for dental implants. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of deep learning-assisted anatomical structure segmentation based on CBCT in implant dentistry Gao Qiancheng, Li Xindong, Cao Mingguo, Liu Yunfeng Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2024, 29 (1): 82-86.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2024.02.014 Abstract （418）      PDF （1333KB）（654）       Knowledge map    Save Compared with manual segmentation and traditional algorithm segmentation, the application of deep learning for oral anatomical structure segmentation can obtain accurate and consistent segmentation results efficiently. This approach can quickly obtain the anatomical structure information of the surgical areas to design implant surgery and restoration. This review provides an overview of the progress in CBCT-based deep learning for anatomical structure segmentation in the field of implant dentistry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the clinical effects of Er, Cr: YSGG laser in the treatment of peri-implantitis Sun Fei, Wang Cui, Hu Wenjie Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology    2023, 28 (6): 417-423.   DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.12.005 Abstract （491）      PDF （1568KB）（651）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To evaluate changes in clinical parameters using Er, Cr: YSGG laser compared to submucosal debridement for the non-surgical treatment of early peri-implantitis. Methods Twenty-eight patients and 28 implants with early peri-implantitis were recruited. The patients were randomly divided into a test group and a control group. The test group (14 subjects/14 implants) was treated with Er, Cr: YSGG laser, and the control group (14 subjects/14 implants) received mechanical submucosal debridement using a titanium curettage and chlorhexidine irrigation. Clinical parameters, such as modified plaque index (mPI), peri-implant pocket probing depth (PD), and bleeding index (BI), were measured at baseline, 2 months, and 3 months after treatment. Differences in clinical parameters before and after treatment were compared. Results The mPI, PD and BI of both the test group and control group significantly reduced at 2 and 3 months after non-surgical intervention (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the test group significantly achieved a reduction in BI value at 2 and 3 months after treatment (1.67 ± 0.45 vs. 2.40 ± 0.55, P=0.001; 1.07 ± 0.38 vs. 2.09 ± 0.83, P<0.001). Both the control and test group exhibited comparable mPI and PD reductions ( P>0.05). The treatment success rates were 28.6% and 7.1% at the patient level ( P=0.037) and 70.2% and 48.8% at the site level ( P=0.012), respectively. Conclusion Er, Cr: YSGG laser for the treatment of early peri-implantitis may be used as an alternative to hand instrumentation to reduce soft tissue inflammation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics