Abstract: Objective To compare the implant accuracy of dental implant robot, freehand, and implant surgical guide under the same experimental conditions. Methods Solid rigid polyurethane was selected as the research medium. The 90 implant sites of the polyurethane model were divided into three groups: the first group is the freehand group (n=30), which is implanted by the doctor's freehand; the second group was the guide group (n=30), and the implant surgical guides were used to assist implant placement; and the third group was the robot group (n=30), which was assisted by dental implant robot while the implants were also placed by the same doctor. CBCT was taken for implant planning, and the implant placements were carried out by freehand, implant surgical guide and dental implant robot, and CBCT was taken again after surgery to analyze and compare the deviation between the actual implant position and the planned position. Results In the polyurethane experiment, compared with the freehand group, the total implant site deviation, the lateral implant site deviation, the total apex deviation, the lateral apex deviation, and the angular deviation in the guide and robot groups were reduced (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the guide group and the robot group in all directions of deviation (P>0.05). Conclusion Through the in vitro model experiment, it can be determined that dental implant robot is a more reliable and accurate implant technology than freehand method.

Key words: Freehand, Implant surgical guide, Dental implant robot, Oral implant, Accuracy