富血小板纤维蛋白在上颌窦底提升中应用的研究进展

doi:10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.04.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 上颌窦底提升是治疗上颌后牙区骨量不足的有效方法。为了实现理想的窦底骨壁-施耐德膜-种植体表面的三维成骨模式（3-dimensional osteogenesis model for maxillary sinus, 3D-OMMS）,需要结合手术方式的改进和生物材料的合理应用。富血小板纤维蛋白（platelet-rich fibrin, PRF）不仅能够释放多种生长因子,还具备调节局部免疫反应、促进包括干细胞在内细胞增殖的作用。通过调动来自骨创面及上颌窦黏膜的有利成骨条件,PRF在3D-OMMS中发挥积极作用。因此,建议在上颌窦底提升中使用PRF。本研究探讨了PRF在上颌窦底提升中的应用效果,总结了PRF单独使用、混合使用和利用种植体“帐篷作用”支撑抬高施耐德膜等均可以取得稳定上颌窦底提升效果的临床证据,并对PRF在上颌窦底提升中应用的临床决策进行了总结与推荐。

关键词: 上颌窦底提升, 富血小板纤维蛋白, 牙种植, 骨再生

Abstract: Sinus floor elevation is an effective procedure for addressing bone deficiency in the posterior maxillary region. To achieve an ideal three-dimensional osteogenesis model for the maxillary sinus (3D-OMMS), which involves coordinated bone formation along the maxillary sinus floor wall, Schneiderian membrane, and implant surface, improvements in surgical techniques combined with the rational use of biomaterials are required. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) not only releases various growth factors but also modulates local immune responses and promotes the proliferation of various cells, including stem cells. By harnessing the beneficial osteogenic potential from both the bone wound and the maxillary sinus membrane, PRF plays an active role in the 3D-OMMS. Therefore, it is recommended to use PRF in maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery. This review summarizes clinical evidence indicating that PRF alone, PRF combined with other biomaterials, and PRF utilized with the "tenting effect" of implants to elevate the Schneiderian membrane can all achieve stable outcomes in sinus floor elevation. Additionally, it offers a summary and recommendations for clinical decision-making regarding the use of PRF in sinus floor elevation procedures.

Key words: Sinus floor elevation, Platelet-rich fibrin, Dental implants, Bone regeneration

吕慧欣,周延民. 富血小板纤维蛋白在上颌窦底提升中应用的研究进展[J]. 中国口腔种植学杂志, 2025, 30(2): 127-134. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.04.006

Lyu Huixin, Zhou Yanmin. Advances in the application of platelet-rich fibrin in sinus floor elevation[J].Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology, 2025, 30(2): 127-134.DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.04.006.

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