Abstract: Sinus floor elevation is an effective procedure for addressing bone deficiency in the posterior maxillary region. To achieve an ideal three-dimensional osteogenesis model for the maxillary sinus (3D-OMMS), which involves coordinated bone formation along the maxillary sinus floor wall, Schneiderian membrane, and implant surface, improvements in surgical techniques combined with the rational use of biomaterials are required. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) not only releases various growth factors but also modulates local immune responses and promotes the proliferation of various cells, including stem cells. By harnessing the beneficial osteogenic potential from both the bone wound and the maxillary sinus membrane, PRF plays an active role in the 3D-OMMS. Therefore, it is recommended to use PRF in maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery. This review summarizes clinical evidence indicating that PRF alone, PRF combined with other biomaterials, and PRF utilized with the "tenting effect" of implants to elevate the Schneiderian membrane can all achieve stable outcomes in sinus floor elevation. Additionally, it offers a summary and recommendations for clinical decision-making regarding the use of PRF in sinus floor elevation procedures.

Key words: Sinus floor elevation, Platelet-rich fibrin, Dental implants, Bone regeneration