Table of Content

28 February 2023, Volume 28 Issue 1

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Remarks at the Beginning of This Volume

As winter turns to spring, let's welcome a new year of progress

Su Yucheng

2023, 28(1):  1-2.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.001

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Guidelines & Consensus

Expert consensus on bone grafting materials for maxillary sinus floor elevation: bone substitutes

Chinese Society of Oral Implantology

2023, 28(1):  3-8.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.002

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Autogenous bone has long been considered the "gold standard" for maxillary sinus floor elevation. However, secondary iatrogenic injury, limited source, easy resorption, and high risk of complications at donor sites limit its clinical application. Thus, the search for and selection of an ideal bone substitute for autologous bone becomes the development trend of bone augmentation technique. In this paper, the characteristics of three major bone substitutes including allograft, xenograft, and alloplastic graft, as well as the implant survival rate after the above bone substitutes were used on the maxillary sinus floor were summarized.

Special Articles

Construction of the 3-dimensional osteogenesis model for maxillary sinus

Zhou Yanmin, Zhu Yuemeng

2023, 28(1):  9-18.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.003

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Maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) is a commonly used surgical procedure for the restoration and reconstruction of the maxillary posterior area, and the mechanism of MSFE has always been a problem for scholars. The anatomy characteristics of MS and the standardized surgical procedures are essential for predicting osteogenesis patterns. For patients undergoing simultaneous implantation, the scholar has theorized a 3-dimensional osteogenesis model for the maxillary sinus (3D-OMMS) in terms of evidence-based medicine and fundamental research, the three spatial positions of the alveolar ridge bone, Schneider's membrane, and the implant surface. The theoretical development, content, and advantages of osteogenesis are illustrated in this paper. Also, we discussed the technical points of realizing 3D-OMMS, to better understand the model, which would pave the way for clinical treatment decisions for patients with insufficient bone mass in the posterior maxillary region.

Research progress of zinc-based biodegradable metals for biological barrier membrane

Xu Shulan, Chen Jiahao

2023, 28(1):  19-25.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.004

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Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) is the most common bone augmentation procedure in implant dentistry, and the effect of bone augmentation is determined by the material properties of the biological barrier membranes. However, are current biological barrier membranes are insufficient for all clinical requirements, including excellent biocompatibility, high mechanical properties, controllable degradation behavior, superior bioactivity, and easy clinical management. It is required to develop and investigate a novel material for the biological barrier membrane. Biodegradable metals (BMs) refer to metals that are intended to degrade in vivo. Among them, zinc(Zn)-based BMs are regarded as a novel generation of biological barrier membrane materials due to their excellent material properties. Nevertheless, Zn-based biological barrier membranes have been still in the stage of research and development. Based on our previous research studies and considering the future clinical applications, this paper systematically reviewed the research status and drawbacks of Zn-based biological barrier membranes in terms of four aspects: biocompatibility, mechanical properties, biodegradability, and bioactivity, providing scientific evidence to promote its clinical transformation.

Influence of creating food escape grooves adjacent to marginal ridge on the perception of food impaction in implant-supported fixed prosthesis

Zheng Jiabao, Gao Wenmo, Zuo Xiaoyun, Yang Bo, Luo Chenchen, Chen Ming

2023, 28(1):  26-29.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.005

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Objective To investigate the effect of creating food escape grooves adjacent to marginal ridge on the improvement of food impaction around implant-supported prosthesis. Methods 41 patients with implant-supported prosthesis in the maxillary and mandibular molar regions complaining of distinct discomfort during chewing caused by food impaction around implants were selected. Food escape grooves were created adjacent to the marginal ridges of implant crowns. The patients were followed up regularly. Results All patients (100%) reported a significant improvement in symptoms of food impaction. Conclusion Creating food escape grooves adjacent to marginal ridge helps to improve the symptoms of food impaction and achieve a high level of patient satisfaction.

Clinical Experience & Technique

Custom impression techniques of multi-unit implant-supported prosthesis in aesthetic zone

Chen Danying, Wu Xiayi, Liu Quan, Chen Zhuofan

2023, 28(1):  30-34.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.006

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The accurate transfer of the emergence profile of restoration is of great importance for the successful aesthetic outcome of implant-supported prosthesis in the aesthetic zone. The custom impression technique for a single unit implant-supported prosthesis in the aesthetic zone has been widely used in daily practice. However, the custom impression techniques for the multi-unit implant-supported prosthesis in the aesthetic zone are relatively complex. This current review listed the custom impression techniques for the multi-unit implant-supported prosthesis in the aesthetic zone. By comparing the two clinical situations in whioh the initial impression is missing or available, it is recommended to take separate staged impressions to transfer the implant position and the emergence profile.

Reviews

Characterization of peri-implant microbes and their changes under diseased conditions

Liu Yue, Zhao Yajun, Liu Jin, Du Mi, Lan Jing

2023, 28(1):  35-39.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.007

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Peri-implant disease is a biological complication that occurs in the peri-implant tissue with plaque biofilm as the initiating factor. The initial colonization, homeostasis, and dysbiosis of peri-implant submucosal microbes are closely related to the healthy and diseased states of the peri-implant. This article reviews the research on the characterization of peri-implant microbes and their changes in the diseased states. The results showed that there are significant differences in the structure of submucosal microbes between states of healthy peri-implant, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. The count of submucosal periodontal pathogens and the complexity of microbes increased when peri-implant disease occurred. The clinical manifestations of peri-implant disease were correlated with the variety in the type and quantity of microbes.

Research progress on nano-silver antibacterial materials in the application in oral implantology

Cheng Wen, Ma Xiaoting, Shen Yajie, Lv Shouyin, Shao Bo

2023, 28(1):  40-46.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.008

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As a new type of highly effective nanometer antibacterial material, nano-silver has a broad-spectrum antibacterial ability, high antibacterial efficiency, and good anti-inflammatory properties. At present, it is widely used in various fields of stomatology. The antibacterial mechanism and application of nano-silver was reviewed for the field of oral implantology, and the antibacterial research prospect of nano-silver were forecasted.

The influence of anatomical characteristics of the alveolar bone on the outcome of guided bone regeneration in the aesthetic zone

Xu Yifan, Ye Ying

2023, 28(1):  47-52.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.009

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The implantation in the aesthetic zone is often accompanied by bone augmentation surgery to acquire enough peri-implant bone volume. Meanwhile, bone augmentation may achieve greater contour morphology and lay a solid foundation for soft tissue aesthetic effects. The guided bone regeneration (GBR) is the most common bone augmentation surgery performed in the aesthetic zone and has a satisfactory clinical outcome. Considerable literatures have discussed the factors influencing the postoperative effects of GBR, including factors associated with patients and surgery. This review focuses on the patient-related local factors, summarizing the evidence about the anatomical characteristics of the alveolar bone. We discuss the relationship between the anatomical characteristics of the alveolar bone and postoperative outcome of GBR, including the morphology of alveolar bone defect, the initial bone volume, the blood supply of alveolar bone at the implant sites, and the characteristics of the extraction socket in immediate implant placement, to provide a reference for the treatment planning for patients with bone defects in the aesthetic area and for the long-term prognosis of GBR.

Progress in the study of osteogenesis after maxillary sinus floor elevation

Deng Lei, Huang Haitao

2023, 28(1):  53-57.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.010

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Maxillary sinus floor elevation is the main technique to address the problem of bone shortage in the maxillary posterior region currently. By creating an osteogenic space in the maxillary sinus floor, bone graft materials can be implanted or not implanted to guide the growth of new bone, thereby increasing the osseointegration of the implant and achieving long-term stability of the implant. Therefore, the research on the source and osteogenic mechanism of new bone after maxillary sinus floor elevation is of great importance for the improvement of clinical surgery and the long-term success of the implant.

Continuing Education

The decision-making principles of sinus floor elevation (part 3)

Pi Xuemin, Liu Qian, Chen Deping, Ren Bin, Pan Hong, Su Yucheng

2023, 28(1):  58-66.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2023.02.011

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