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    30 June 2022, Volume 27 Issue 3
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    Conversations with Giants
    Guidelines & Consensus
    Expert consensus on complications of sinus floor elevation：peri-implant disease (first edition)
    Chinese Society of Oral Implantology
    2022, 27(3):  135-139.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.002
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    Peri-implant disease is a common biological complication after implant restoration. Sinus floor augmentation is a predictable rehabilitation method to solve the bone deficiency in the maxillary posterior area. There is still no consensus on the management of peri-implant disease in sinus floor augmentation sites worldwide. The purpose of this consensus is to provide clinicians with practical preventive and diagnostic measures for peri-implant disease.
    Original Article·Basic Research
    Digital measurement methods on accuracy evaluation of six implants placed paralleled with the static surgical guide
    Ni Ting, Zhang Liang, Han Zekui, Wang Xinyu, Duan Feng
    2022, 27(3):  140-146.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.003
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    Objective To compare the effects of three digital measurement methods on the accuracy evaluation of implants placed with the static surgical guide, and to explore the influence of surgical procedure on the accuracy and parallelism of multiple implants assisted by the same guide plate. Methods CBCT data of three patients with mandibular edentulous were randomly selected. After data extraction, 10 models of each were printed by Straumann P20+ 3D printer and a total of 30 resin models of mandibular edentulous were made. Surgical guide plates were designed according to the routine implantation of parallel implants at tooth positions 46, 44, 42, 32, 34, and 36 in edentulous fixed restoration. Six implants were planted from left to right by an implant doctor according to the surgical guidelines of digital guide assisted implantation technology, with a total of 180 implants. Three measurements were used to evaluate the 3D deviation and parallelism of the implants. Results The mean Angle deviation of all implants was 1.89°±0.87°, and the mean 3D distance deviation of implants was (0.46±0.19) mm at the implant's neck and (0.58±0.21) mm at the implants root apex. The actual postoperative average angle between any two implants was 1.65°±0.87°, with a minimum of 0.02° and a maximum of 5.54°. Scan-body&Qualify, Scan-body&coDiagnostiX, and CBCT&coDiagnostiX three measurement methods, the three sets of data axial angle deviations are 1.96°（1.26°）, 1.82°（1.15°）and 1.60°（1.12°）, the 3D distance deviations of the neck are 0.37 mm（0.23 mm）, 0.41 mm（0.15 mm）and 0.6 mm（0.28 mm）, respectively. The 3D distance deviations of the root apex are 0.47 mm（0.26 mm）, 0.55 mm（0.22 mm）, and (0.69±0.22) mm, respectively. Conclusions CBCT measurements are more accurate than the scan-body method in angular deviation and less accurate in 3D distance deviation. The accuracy and parallelism of multiple implants assisted by the same guide plate are good. The deviation does not accumulate or decrease during the operation and is related to the implant site.
    Original Article·Clinical Research
    Implant placement with transcrestal sinus floor elevation using absorbable collagen sponge: an analysis of 6-month images using CBCT and mimics software
    Deng Lei, Cheng Yi, Zhao Nan, Chen Gang, Huang Haitao
    2022, 27(3):  147-155.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.004
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    Objective To measure the changes in bone height and bone volume in the transcrestal sinus floor elevation using absorbable collagen sponge by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and three-dimensional measurement by mimics, and to analyze the factors affecting bone formation in the sinus. Methods A total of 14 patients (24 implant sites) were selected from December 2019 to December 2021 in the Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. All patients underwent transcrestal sinus floor elevation using only the absorbable collagen sponge by grinding method, and the lifting space of the sinus floor was maintained by collagen sponge and implant. The perforation of the sinus floor mucosa was recorded during the operation. The height of new bone was measured by CBCT before and 6 months after the operation. Immediately and 6 months after surgery, the protruding length (PL) and lifting length (LH) of the maxillary sinus floor were examined by CBCT. New bone height (NBH) was measured 6 months after the operation. The CBCT image data were imported into Mimics Research software. Mimics software was used for modeling and registration, and Boolean arithmetic was used to calculate the new bone volume in the maxillary sinus. The factors affecting osteogenesis were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and stepwise multiple linear regression, and the regression simulation prediction equation was established. Results A total of 24 implants were implanted and the short-term retention rate was 100%. The mucoperiosteum of the maxillary sinus floor was perforated at three sites during the preparation of the implant socket, and the perforation rate was 12.5%. There was no perforation in the process of collagen sponge filling and implant implantation. And all implants achieved good osseointegration on imaging 6 months after surgery and successfully loaded. The average new bone height in the sinus was（3.09±0.99）mm and the volume of new bone in the sinus is （320.24±85.79）mm³ 6 months after the operation. According to Pearson correlation analysis, there was a linear correlation between LH, PL, and NBH and new bone volume (P<0.05), one-way ANOVA showed statistically significant difference between sinus floor morphology groups (P<0.01), and new bone volume in the round group was higher than that in the oval and pointy round groups (P<0.05). Sinus floor morphology, gender, and PL were included in the multiple linear regression model, with a determination coefficient of 0.753. Conclusion Collagen Sponge, as the filling material for transcrestal sinus floor elevation without grafting technique, has good operation performance and can maintain the osteogenic space in the sinus cavity together with the implant to form new bone of a certain volume. In addition, the new bone formation may be related to LH, gender, PL, and sinus floor morphology.
    Original Article·Typical Case Analysis
    Resorption of bone graft materials in labial neck of implant after guided bone regeneration in anterior teeth area: a case report and cause analysis
    Wang Meijie, Deng Yue
    2022, 27(3):  156-160.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.005
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    The paper reports a case with good effect of bone augmentation after 6 months following conventional implant placement and guided bone generation (GBR), but the resorption of bone graft materials at the labial side of the implant neck was obvious. Therefore, free connective tissue graft was carried out at the same time during the second stage of operation and an ideal soft tissue contour was finally obtained. We also analyze the causes of bone graft materials resorption at the labial side of the implant neck after GBR in the anterior teeth area and summarize operation precautions of bone augmentation in the anterior teeth area. The stability and space maintenance ability of biomembrane and bone graft material should be fully considered when GBR is performed in the anterior tooth area. Titanium pins or barrier membranes with strong space maintenance ability can be used to assist retention. When the bone augmentation cannot achieve the expected effect, it can be compensated by the soft tissue graft to obtain a good soft tissue contour and ideal aesthetic effect.
    Case Reports
    Treatment of peri-implant infection in aesthetic area: a case report
    Li Yongjun, Men Bei
    2022, 27(3):  161-164.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.006
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    Clinical effect of endoscopic-assisted lateral fenestration for maxillary sinus floor elevation (a report of 25 cases)
    Zheng Zejun, Cheng Ruixiu, Li Changqing, Sun Dawei, Zhang Linghui, Song Lili
    2022, 27(3):  169-172.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.008
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    Clinical Experience ＆ Techniques
    Immediate temporary restoration options after full-arch implant placement
    Peng Lingyan, Wang Xia, Pi Xuemin, Liu Qian, Chen Deping, Tang Suxia, Pan Hong, Su Yucheng
    2022, 27(3):  173-180.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.009
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    This article discusses the options of immediate temporary restoration after the treatment of full arch implant placement. The four options including traditional impression technique, pick-up technique with the original removable denture, stereophotogrammetry technique, and prefabricated immediate provisionalization with the digital sequential assembled guide, are illustrated in detail from the aspects of categories, indications, technique procedures, and comparisons. Implant clinicians should choose the most suitable treatment of immediate temporary restoration for patients who plan to accept full arch implant placement according to their various situations and diagnoses.
    Review
    Systematic literature review of peri-implant cyst
    Gong Jiaming, Zhao Ruiming, Wang Jia, Dai Zhiming, Yu Zhanhai, Yin Lihua
    2022, 27(3):  181-187.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.010
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    In 2017, Kochaji described two cases of cysts around the implant after implant placement, which was defined as peri-implant cyst and might be caused by surgical trauma or infection. The peri-implant cyst is often confused with peri-implantitis and retrograde peri-implantitis due to its rarity and destruction of peri-implant supporting bone. Therefore, the paper systematically reviewed the current literature on the peri-implant cyst in order to summarize its clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, and treatment protocols.
    Education, Teaching & Management
    Tentative exploration of “ideological and political education” in oral implantology course
    Fu Li, Xu Yanxue, Wang Lin
    2022, 27(3):  188-192.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.011
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    Building morality and cultivating talents are the central link and fundamental task of teaching in colleges and universities, and the infiltration of moral elements into professional courses will fully play ideological and political education. With the goal of fostering clinical medicine talents, this paper explores the teaching methods and modes to combine professional courses with ideological education, and further refines the moral education elements in the curriculum, such as humanistic spirit, cultural consciousness, patriotic spirit, and professional quality. The purpose is to promote stomatology students' cognition and judgment of medical ethics, stimulate the responsibility consciousness, and enhance the educational value of the curriculum.
    Continuing Education
    Applied anatomy and radiological diagnosis of maxillary sinus floor elevation
    Chen Deping, Pi Xuemin, Liu Qian, Pan Hong, Tan Baosheng, Su Yucheng
    2022, 27(3):  193-198.  DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2022.06.012
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