Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology

Rapid development and a long way forward for oral implantology in China——Speech by the President of the Chinese Stomatological Association at the 12^th National Conference on Oral Implantology

Yu Guang-yan

2021, 26(4): 211-212. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.001

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Application and risk of short implants in maxillary posterior teeth

Shi Bin, Liao Yilin, Yan Qi

2021, 26(4): 213-218. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.002

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In the posterior maxilla, dental implant placement is usually challenged by insufficient ridge height. Short implants could be used as an alternative to bone augmentation procedures and obtain good clinical outcomes. However, some factors may bring risks to the successful application of short implants. This review introduces the definition and development of short implants, discusses risk factors of short implants in the posterior maxilla, and provides recommendations for the choice of implant size and restoration design when using short implants.

Effect of pamidronate disodium on osteogenic differentiation of jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Xu Yan, Sun Jin, Zhou Haihua

2021, 26(4): 219-225. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.003

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Objective To explore the cause of bisphosphate-related osteonecrosis by studying the effect of pamidronate disodium (PD) on osteogenic differentiation in jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (JBMMSCs). Methods JBMMSCs were isolated from the human jaw bone. The concentrations of PD suitable for the growth of JBMMSCs and subsequent studies were screened by thiazolyl blue (MTT) assay at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0 and 10 μg/ml; The quantification of alizarin red S (ARS) staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to compare the osteogenic ability of JBMMSCs at different concentrations of PD. Results MTT assay showed that 0.1 and 0.5 μg/ml PD did not affect the growth of JBMMSCs (P>0.05), while 1.0, 5.0 and 10 μg/ mL PD significantly inhibited the growth of JBMMSCs (P<0.05). The quantification of ARS staining and ALP staining, and qPCR showed that the osteogenic ability of JBMMSCs at 0.5 and 0.75 μg/ml of PD was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). ARS staining and qPCR showed similar osteogenic ability of JBMMSCs treated by 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 μg/ml PD (P>0.05). Conclusion PD may induce osteonecrosis by inhibiting the osteogenic differentiation of JBMMSCs when over a threshold of dose.

The effects of different thread designs on osseointegration of dental implants: a comparative experimental study in canine jaw

Liu Chengwu, Liu Yuanxiang, Li Zhipeng, Liu Quan, Wu Shiyu, Wu Xiayi, Chen Zetao, Huang Baoxin, Chen Zhuofan

2021, 26(4): 226-231. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.004

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Objective To evaluate the osseointegration of dental implants with different thread designs in the canine mandible. Methods Four male beagle dogs were selected. Bilateral mandibular premolars and molars (PM2-M2) were extracted and allowed to heal for 12 weeks. The test group was a newly-designed dental implant, and the control group was AstraTech OsseoSpeed^TM TX dental implant. Four implants were implanted (submerged healing) on each side with a split-mouth design. Two animals were sacrificed at 2 and 12 weeks after surgery, respectively (n=8). Intraoral digital X-ray images and non-decalcified hard tissue sections were used for radiological and histological evaluations. Results Radiological images showed similar bone healing in two groups at 2 and 12 weeks after surgery. The histological results showed that at 2 weeks, implants were mainly mechanically inbuilt into the host bone, and a small number of new bones were formed around implants. At 12 weeks, a large number of completely mineralized new bones with the trabecular-liked structure was formed around implants. The bone-implant contact (BIC%) of the test and control group were (46.69±8.47) % and (36.71±13.72) % at 2 weeks, (67.27±7.46) % and (56.63±8.31) % at 12 weeks, respectively, and the difference between groups was not statistically significant. Conclusions Two dental implants with different thread shapes can achieve satisfactory and comparable osseointegration.

A retrospective analysis of periodontal tissue health and aesthetic effects of immediate and delayed implant restoration of anterior teeth

Yin Hengshan, Guo Qi, Liu Huanlei

2021, 26(4): 232-235. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.005

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Objective To explore the effect of immediate implantation and delayed implantation for patients with anterior tooth restoration. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 100 patients with anterior restorations (2019.04~2020.02). According to the treatment method, they were divided into the control group (n=50, delayed implant restoration) and the observation group (n=50, immediate implant restoration). The red aesthetic index, complication rate, and other clinical indicators were compared between groups. Results (1) The red aesthetic index in the observation group was (7.72±0.23) at 3 months post-restoration, (7.91±0.26) at 6 months post-restoration, and (8.34±0.31) at 12 months post-restoration respectively, which were higher than that in the control group. The statistical t values were 34.1373, 28.6538, and 29.2842 respectively with P<0.05 at each time point. (2) There was no difference in complication rate between the observation group (8.00%) and the control group (10.00%), statistical value = 0.1221, P>0.05. (3) Clinical indicators: The observation group is better than the control group, and the statistical value is P<0.05. Conclusion The immediate implantation in the restoration of anterior teeth shows an ideal result and is highly accepted by patients.

Case analysis of flapless immediate implantation combined with immediate restoration in repairing left maxillary traumatic central incisor

Xiao Huijuan, Liu Zhonghao, Wang Meijuan, Yang Yundong

2021, 26(4): 236-241. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.006

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The objective is to evaluate the clinical effect of flapless immediate implantation combined with immediate restoration in repairing a single traumatic tooth in the maxillary anterior region and explore the clinical factors that influence the effect of implant restoration in the aesthetic area of anterior teeth. A 20-year-old female patient with post-traumatic crown and root fracture of the left maxillary central incisor. The affected tooth was extracted with minimally invasive surgery and replaced with flapless immediate implantation. The temporary restoration was completed on the same day. Seven months later, the digital impression was taken using a 3-Shape oral scanner, and the integrated screw-retained titanium base (Vario-base)-zirconia crown repair was completed. During the follow-up period of 25 months, ideally soft and hard tissue aesthetic effect was achieved in this patient. CBCT and periapical radiographs with paralleling technique showed good osseointegration, sufficient thickness of labial bone plate, and stable level of marginal bones. This case shows that through appropriate clinical operations, the flapless immediate implantation in combination with immediate restoration in the aesthetic area can obtain a good aesthetic restoration effect.

Clinical application procedures and skills of immediate implant with socket-shield technique

Wang Juan, Chen Luo, Gao Ming, Zhu Yibo, Qiu Lixin

2021, 26(4): 242-247. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.007

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Immediate implant with the socket-shield technique was first proposed by Hürzeler in the year of 2010. It has been confirmed that this technique can preserve labial bone plate and periodontal ligament better than conventional immediate implant placement. It is more conducive to the maintenance of gingival margin position, soft tissue contour, gingival color, and character after implantation. This technique has been applied to clinics by many scholars for more than 10 years. But its operation process is not completely unified, which makes it difficult to popularize this technology in the clinic. The author's team has first started the clinical research of this technology in China in 2013. In this paper, a new dental shield management method different from Hürzeler's is proposed. The clinical treatment process and 7-year follow-up result of one case of the immediate implant with socket-shield technique in the aesthetic area are illustrated, in order to provide evidence and clinical experience for the clinical application of this technology.

Research updates of periosteal cells in bone defect repair

Zhu Jingxian, Shi Bin, Ji Wei

2021, 26(4): 248-252. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.008

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Reconstruction of bone defects caused by trauma, tumor resection, and congenital disease remains a great challenge. Currently, the periosteum, a thin fibrous layer that covers the surface of the bone, has drawn increasing attention owing to its important role in bone repair. Upon injury, periosteal cells migrate into the bone defect and differentiate into osteocytes or chondrocytes to repair the defect. In this review, we briefly described the developmental origin of the periosteum and the reparative function of periosteal cells. Furthermore, we introduced the heterogeneity of periosteal cells involved in bone repair as well as the underlying mechanism. In the end, we highlighted future research directions of periosteal cells that might be beneficial for the reconstruction of craniofacial bone defects.

Clinical significance and research progress of keratinized mucosal width on peri-implant tissue health

Yang Yan, Zhou Wenjuan

2021, 26(4): 253-257. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.009

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With the development of dental implant restoration, the criteria of implant success are not only limited to osseointegration and implant survival rate, but also include biological and clinical stability. At present, it is still controversial whether the keratinized mucosa around the implant is a necessary condition to maintain the clinical stability of the implant. This article reviewed the clinical significance and research progress of keratinized mucosa width on peri-implant tissue health.

A review of bone augmentation materials in maxillary sinus floor elevation

Wu Yuepen, Gu Xinhua

2021, 26(4): 258-263. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.010

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In recent years, bone augmentation technology in maxillary sinus floor elevation has been widely used, which effectively solves the problem of insufficient bone in posterior teeth of the maxilla and improves the clinical effect of final implant restoration. This article reviews characteristics of bone augmentation materials commonly used in maxillary sinus floor elevation and discusses the research status and application prospect of these bone augmentation materials and related tissue engineering materials in maxillary sinus floor elevation.

Summary of the 12th national conference on oral implantology

Chinese Society of Oral Implantology

2021, 26(4): 264-274. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2021.08.011

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