颧种植术后上颌窦健康状况变化：一项16年的长期随访研究

doi:10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的上颌窦炎是颧种植治疗中最常见的生物学并发症,而手术术式和颧种植体植入路径一直被认为与上颌窦炎的发生密切相关。虽然颧种植治疗后出现上颌窦炎的致病原因一直未能明确,但临床医生仍试图通过不同的手术术式降低上颌窦炎发生的风险,如曾有结合上颌窦底提升的颧种植手术的相关研究报告。方法随访2007至2008年间接受双侧颧种植手术结合同期上颌窦底提升的患者,通过长达16年的随访评估其上颌窦的健康状况。结果研究纳入16例患者,其中13例患者完成了随访期的临床检查,11例患者完成了CBCT影像学随访评估。31颗颧种植体在随访期内留存率为100%,其中1例患者反复出现左侧上颌窦炎,1例无症状患者出现上颌窦浑浊影像,2例患者影像学检查显示上颌窦施耐德膜增厚,但未患上颌窦炎。结论颧种植时结合不植骨上颌窦底提升未能完全防止引发上颌窦炎。

关键词: 颧种植, 上颌窦炎, 口腔上颌窦瘘, 生物并发症

Abstract: Objective Maxillary sinusitis is the most common biological complication in zygomatic implant therapy, and the surgical technique and the pathway of zygomatic implants have long been considered closely associated with the occurrence of maxillary sinusitis. Although the exact pathogenic causes of maxillary sinusitis following zygomatic implant treatment remain unclear, clinicians continue to explore different surgical approaches to reduce the risk of maxillary sinusitis. The authors of this paper first introduced a zygomatic implant surgery combined with maxillary sinus floor elevation in 2010. Methods This study aims to investigate the long-term outcomes of maxillary sinus health in patients who underwent bilateral zygomatic implant treatment from 2007 to 2008, with a minimum follow-up period of 16 years. Results A total of 16 patients were included in the study, of whom 13 could be contacted. Only one patient presented with a history of recurrent maxillary sinusitis affecting the left side. Six patients agreed to undergo updated cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations. Another asymptomatic patient presented with sinus opacity, and two more patients presented with radiological signs of maxillary sinus membrane thickening. Conclusion Zygomatic implant combined with the sinus floor elevation without bone grafting does not necessarily cause maxillary sinusitis.

Key words: Zygomatic implant, Sinusitis, Oroantral communication, Biological complication

周国辉. 颧种植术后上颌窦健康状况变化：一项16年的长期随访研究[J]. 中国口腔种植学杂志, 2025, 30(3): 217-223. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.06.004

Zhou Guohui. Long-term outcomes of maxillary sinus health after zygomatic implant treatment:a 16-year follow-up study[J].Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology, 2025, 30(3): 217-223.DOI: 10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.06.004.

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