Study on surface quality and corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy implant abutments by magnetic abrasive finishing

doi:10.12337/zgkqzzxzz.2025.12.009

Abstract

Abstract: Objective This study investigates the effects of magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) technology on the surface morphology, roughness, hydrophilicity, and corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy dental implant abutments. It aims to clarify the role of different magnetic needle diameters in optimizing surface properties and provide a basis for clinical surface treatment processes. Methods Ti-6Al-4V alloy cylindrical specimens were divided into five groups: an untreated control group (control) and MAF-treated groups with magnetic needle diameters of 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.5 mm (MAF_0.2, MAF_0.5, MAF_1.0, and MAF_1.5). MAF treatment was performed by changing only the magnetic needle diameter while keeping the other processing parameters constant. Surface morphology changes were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), surface roughness was measured using an optical surface roughness meter, hydrophilicity was assessed using a contact angle measuring instrument, and electrochemical polarization testing was used to analyze the corrosion potential (E_corr), corrosion current density (i_corr), and polarization resistance (R_p) of each group of samples in artificial saliva. Results MAF treatment effectively removed original processing marks, reduced surface roughness, and improved hydrophilicity, with statistically significant differences between groups(P<0.05). In the MAF_1.0group (magnetic needle diameter 1.0 mm, magnetic needle length 5.0 mm, magnetic pole rotation speed 40 Hz, grinding time 60 min), Ra decreased to(0.197 ± 0.022) μm, contact angle decreased to 78.03° ± 1.59°, E_corr increased to -0.5661 V,i_corr decreased to 0.0114 μA·cm^-2, and R_pincreased to 8.97×10⁶ Ω·cm², all outperforming other treatment groups and the control group, demonstrating the best overall performance. Conclusion MAF technology can significantly improve the surface morphology, roughness, hydrophilicity, and corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy implant abutments. Magnetic needle treatment with a diameter of 1.0 mm is most effective in improving surface performance, providing an experimental basis for subsequent clinical evaluation.

Key words: Ti-6Al-4V, Implant abutment, Magnetic abrasive finishing, Corrosion resistance

Xiong Lang, Su Hanqi, Hao Junjiang, Su Yucheng. Study on surface quality and corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy implant abutments by magnetic abrasive finishing[J]. Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology, 2025, 30(6): 566-573.

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